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S + F 2 > liver and pancreas anatomy > Flashcards

liver and pancreas anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

function of liver

A

many functions such as excretion, detoxification, storage

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2
Q

which side does the liver lie on?

A

right

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3
Q

2 surfaces of the liver and explain

A
  • diaphragmatic: concave towards viscera (lies against and impressed by the stomach)
  • visceral: marked by PORTA of liver
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4
Q

what is the porta of the liver?

A

where bile duct, portal vein and hepatic vessels enter and leave

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5
Q

Name the lobes of the liver

A
  • quadrate
  • right medial
  • right lateral
  • caudate process of caudate lobe
  • papillary process of caudate lobe
  • left lateral
  • left medial
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6
Q

Name the lobes of the liver

A
  • quadrate
  • right medial
  • right lateral
  • caudate process of caudate lobe
  • papillary process of caudate lobe
  • left lateral
  • left medial
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7
Q

what lobes of the liver do ruminants not have?

A

left and right later and medial lobes

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8
Q

what lobes of the liver do pigs not have

A

papillary process

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9
Q

what lobes of liver do horses and rabbits not have?

A

horses: right later and medial, papillary process
rabbit: right and left medial

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10
Q

describe the position of the liver

A
  • cranial part of the abdomen
  • cranial to the liver is diaphragm
  • caudal to liver is stomach, intestinal mass and right kidney
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11
Q

location of the liver in dogs

A

fills space between 7th and 9th ribs

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12
Q

liver biopsy area in dogs

A

puncture caudal to xiphoid process

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13
Q

location of liver in horses

A

lies completely within the ribcage caudal margin reaches 15th intercostal pace

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14
Q

liver biopsy area in horses

A

right side = 12th intercostal space between tuber coxae and point of shoulder
left side= 8th intercostal space at level of deltoid tuberosity

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15
Q

location of liver in cow

A

reaches dorsally as far as last rib

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16
Q

liver biopsy area in cows

A

only right side, at 10th intercostal space, quarter way down ribs

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17
Q

each lobe of the liver is covered by what?

A

serosa: visceral peritoneum

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18
Q

peritoneal folds in the liver have what function?

A

carries blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics

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19
Q

name the 7 ligament liver attachments

A
  • falciform
  • round
  • hepatoduodenal
  • hepatogastric
  • right triangular
  • left triangular
  • coronary
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20
Q

where is the falciform ligament in the liver

A

between liver and diaphragm and ventral abdomen wall

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21
Q

where is round ligament in liver and what does it contain

A

next to the falciform ligament, contains umbilical vein remnants

22
Q

heptatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments are the division of what attachment of the liver

A

lesser omentum

23
Q

where is hepatoduodenal ligament

A

between liver and duodenum

24
Q

where is hepatogastric ligament

A

between liver and stomach

25
Q

where is coronary ligament found in liver

A

parietal surface, surrounds caudal vena cava and attaches liver to central tendon of the diaphragm

26
Q

where are right and left triangular ligaments found in he liver

A

extend dorsal part of liver on each side of diaphragm

27
Q

liver has dual blood supply, name the 2

A
  • hepatic artery
  • hepatic portal vein
28
Q

what does the heptatic artery carry?

A

fresh oxygenated blood

29
Q

what does the hepatic portal vein carry?

A

nutrient-rich blood from unpaired organs

30
Q

what is the role of the portal vein in the liver

A

recieves venous blood from the unpaired oragsn such as stomach, pancreas, intestine , this blood goes into the hepatic portal vein

31
Q

what vein does all the blood go into in the liver and then where does it go?

A

central vein of hepatic lobules then into caudal vena cava and to the heart

32
Q

describe innervation of the liver

A

-innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve
- receives fibres from VAGAL TRUNK and sympathetic AXONS from CELIAC PLEXUS/ganglian

33
Q

what is the hepatic lobule and what shape is it

A

anatomic unit of the liver, basic structure. Hexagon

34
Q

what is at each corner of the hepatic lobule? what is this referred to?

A
  • arteriole from the hepatic artery
  • venule from the portal vein
  • small bile duct

portal triad

35
Q

each portal triad can supply blood where?

A

several adjacent hepatic lobules

36
Q

describe how the portal triad works

A
  • arteriole and venule empty blood into spongy lobule
  • blood capillary beds run between portal triad and the central vein
  • the capillary beds carrying the blood are lined with leaky endothelium called LIVER SINUSOIDS
  • blood flowing into lobule i drained out via central vein, marking beginning of the drainage circulation via the hepatic vein, caudal vena cava leading to the heart
37
Q

Describe how the bile duct works in the liver

A
  • bile produced by sheets of HEPATOCYTES
  • discharged into BILE CANALIULI
  • hepatic duct->cystic duct->bile duct
38
Q

where is the pancreas located

A

dorsal part of abdominal cavity, in close contact with stomach and liver

39
Q

Name the 3 parts of the pancreas

A
  • body
  • right lobe
  • left lobe
40
Q

where is the body of the pancreas?

A

in contact with pylorus

41
Q

where is the right lobe of the pancreas located?

A

just inside the mesoduodenum next to descending duodenum

42
Q

where is the left lobe of the pancreas located?

A

deep in leaf of greater omentum

43
Q

bloody supply of the pancreas

A

coeliac and cranial mesenteric artery

44
Q

Name the 2 ducts of the pancreas

A
  • pancreatic duct (greater)
  • accessory duct (lesser)
45
Q

where does the pancreatic duct of the pancreas open?

A

into duodenum together or just beside the bile duct

46
Q

where does the accessory duct open in the pancreas?

A

opposite the pancreatic duct

47
Q

what is the sphincter of oddi?

A

in odgs, bile ducts enters dueodenum at major duodenum pappila, adjacent to the pancreatic duct. smooth ,muscles fibres surround the 2 ducts s they emerge into the duodenum, this forms the sphinter of oddi

48
Q

in horses, where does the bile and pancreatic duct open into?

A

at the bend of the duodenal sigmoid flexure

49
Q

what duct of the pancreas are pigs missing?

A

pancreatic

50
Q

what duct of the pancreas in the sheep missing?

A

accessory

51
Q

what duct of the pancreas do dogs and ox sometimes have missing?

A

pancreatic

S + F 2 (30 decks)

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