Horse GIT Flashcards
innervation of the oesophagus?
vagus nerve
glosso-pharyngeal nerve
what predisposes horses to impaction (choke)
Oesophagus lumen narrows at the thoracic inlet and oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
average length of oesophagus
1.5m
what type of stomach has a horse got?
simple composite stomach
why is a horses stomach known as simple?
has glandular and non-glandular regions
capacity of horse stomach
5-15L
which side of the abdomen does the stomach mainly lie in?
left
Non-glandular and glandular regions separated by visible raised line called what?
margo plicatus
Non-glandular and glandular regions separated by visible raised line called what?
margo plicatus
what are the 3 sections of the horse stomach?
succus caeucus
fundis
pyloric
what is known as the succus caecus?
first region food enters after oesophagus
what cells line the non-glandular region of the stomach?
stratified squamous epithelium
which region of the stomach does the oesophagus enter?
non-glandular
what cells line the glandular region of the stomach?
simple columnar epithelium
where is pyloric sphincter in the stomach located?
where pylorus meets duodenum
why can’t horses vomit?
strong cardiac sphincter
describe the Fundic gland region of the stomach
- gastric pits
- presence of surface mucous cells
- simple columnar epithelium
Name the parts of the small intestine of the horse
Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum
describe the duodenum?
ingesta from the stomach passes into the duodenum, it is a short section that sits in the right side of the stomach and is suspended from the dorsal body wall by the mesentery
describe the jejunum
associated with mesentery. It is very long and coiled
describe the jejunum
associated with mesentery. It is very long and coiled
describe the ileum
lack of villi on the mucosa. It is the terminal portion of the small intestine.
what are the 4 layers of the small intestine from outer to inner layer?
serosa
smooth muscle
submucosa
mucosa
which is the longest part of the small intestine?
jejunum
which is the thickest part of the small intestine?
ileum
name the parts of the large intestine
caecum
colon
rectum
what are the portions of the colon?
ascending
transverse
descending
what is known as bands/taenia?
longitudinal smooth muscle cords on the caecum and segments of the colon.
Are their bands/taenia in the small intestine?
no
what are sacculations/haustra?
series of pouches in the caecum and ventral colon formed by the segments of taenia
list the order in which the large intestine goes
Caecum (body, apex, base)
Ascending colon:
RVC
sternal flexure
LVC
pelvic flexure
LDC
diaphragmatic flexure
RDC
transverse colon
descending colon
how many bands/teania does each part of the large intestine have?
caecum - 4
RVC- 4
sternal flexure- 4
LVC- 1
Pelvic flexure- 1
LDC- 1
Diaphragmatic flexure-3
RDC- 3
transverse colon- 2
descending colon- 2
right side of the horse
- caecum
- RVC
- RDC
left side of horse
- most of small intestine is on left dorsal side
- LVC
- LDC
Possible sites for obstruction in a horse?
- pe;vic flexure
- transverse colon
- descending colon
- caecum
topographical location of the stomach
in the cranial part of the abdominal cavity - left of median plane
