Lithosphere 1- rock cycle

Question 1

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 1

solidification of molten rock (fast or slow cooling)

Question 2

How do sedimentary rocks form?

Answer 2

deposition or precipitation at the surface of the Earth

Question 3

How do metamorphic rocks form?

Answer 3

alteration of pre-existing rocks by temperature, pressure and fluids

Question 4

What is the the first step for granite in the rock cycle?

Answer 4

Granite crystallisation- in igneous intrusion

Question 5

What is the next step after granite has been crystallised?

Answer 5

sub aerial exposure- overlying sediment removed by erosion exposing granite

Question 6

After subaerial exposure what happens to granite?

Answer 6

Erosion, Transportation, Deposition
Quartz resistant so wont dissolve in water

Question 7

Due to quartz’s resistant nature what might the final deposit of a river be like?

Answer 7

dependant on energy flow of river but potentially just quartz

Question 8

What happens to quartz (granite) once it has been deposited by rivers?

Answer 8

enters ocean where burial, compaction and lithification occur

Question 9

What is lithification?

Answer 9

When loose sediment turns into rock
(i.e., sand to sandstone)

Question 10

What happens after lithification of quartz/ granite?

Answer 10

rock changed by metamorphism
sandstone to quartzite

Question 11

What is clay?

Answer 11

alteration of existing rock
smaller grain size than quartz
low energy deposit

Question 12

What happens to clay when metamorphosis occurs?

Answer 12

clay to slate

Question 13

What are carbonate rocks precipitate of?

Answer 13

Calcium carbonate (life remanence)