LIT Section 4 Flashcards
What is Greta Thunberg’s full name?
Greta Tintin Eleonora Ernman Thunberg
Where was Greta Thunberg born?
Stockholm, Sweden
When was Greta Thunberg born?
Jan. 3, 2003
What is Greta Thunberg’s father’s profession?
actor
What is Greta Thunberg’s mother’s profession?
opera singer
What type of autism does Greta Thunberg have?
Asperger’s syndrome
What happens with people who have Asperger’s syndrome?
they usually hyperfocus on a single area of interest
What is Asperger’s syndrome?
a form of autism that forms a deep focus on a specific area of interest
What is Greta Thunberg’s area of interest?
climate change
How old was Greta Thunberg when she became interested in climate change?
8 years old
Why did Greta Thunberg go vegan?
because raising cattle contributes to global warming
Greta Thunberg began a climate strike in Sept. 2018. What did she do in this strike?
she sat outside Sweden’s parliament with a sign, and eventually gained international attention
Greta Thunberg’s climate strike in 2018 inspired students to participate in what?
“Fridays for Future”
When did Greta Thunberg deliver her speech at the UN Climate Summit in NYC?
2019
Who was Time Magazine’s person of the year in 2019?
Greta Thunberg
When did Greta Thunberg get Person of the Year from Time Magazine?
2019
When was climate strike word of the year? (Collins Dictionary)
2019
What was Collins Dictionary’s word of the year in 2019?
climate strike
How many times was Greta Thunberg nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize?
5 times (2019-2023)
Which years was Greta Thunberg nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize?
2019-2023
When did Greta Thunberg graduate high school?
June 9, 2023
What does Greta Thunberg criticize world leaders about in her speech?
for empty promises and not caring about the environment
What does Greta Thunberg emphasize in her speech?
the urgency of our climate crisis
What does Greta Thunberg end her speech with?
a message of hope, suggesting that change will be driven by youth
What is the tone of Greta Thunberg’s speech?
passionate, accusatory, and urgent
What feeling does it create when Greta Thunberg addresses the audience with “you” in “We’ll be watching you”?
it creates a sense of confrontation and accountability
What collective pronoun does Greta Thunberg use most often in her speech?
“we”
Who does Greta Thunberg include when she states “we” in her speech?
all young people
How does Greta Thunberg evoke a strong emotional response in her speech?
using pathos
Are the statements Greta Thunberg uses to address the world leaders in her speech positive or negative?
negative
What phrase does Greta Thunberg repeat in her speech to emphasize her outrage?
“How dare you!”
What does the repetition of “How dare you!” in Greta Thunberg’s speech emphasize?
her outrage against the world leaders
What is anaphora?
repetition of certain phrases to invoke a strong emotional feeling
What literary device is used when Greta Thunberg repeats “How dare you!” in her speech?
anaphora
According to Greta Thunberg in her speech, how long has the science on climate change been clear?
30 years
What is it called when Greta Thunberg uses data and statistics to support her claim in her speech?
logos
What do the phrases “50%”, “1.5 degrees”, and “hundreds of billions of tons of CO2” emphasize? (used in Greta Thunberg’s speech)
the severity of the climate situation
At the end of Greta Thunberg’s speech, she says “The world is waking up. And change is coming” to suggest what?
hope, that change will happen
What is Attenborough’s full name?
Sir David Frederick Attenborough
When was Attenborough born?
May 8, 1926
Where was Attenborough born?
Middlesex, England
What is the name of Attenborough’s father?
Frederick
What was Attenborough’s father’s profession?
he was a principal at the University of Leicester
Attenborough’s father was the principal where?
the University of Leicester
Does Attenborough have any siblings?
Yes, he has 2 brothers
How many siblings does Attenborough have?
he has 2 brothers
Who narrated “Frozen Planet II”?
David Attenborough
Who narrated “The Green Planet”?
David Attenborough
What type of movies does Attenborough usually narrate?
nature/natural history documentaries
What did Attenborough do as a child that sparked his interest in the natural world?
he collected fossils, stones, and natural specimen
What is Attenborough’s lifelong interest in?
the natural world
When did Attenborough join the Royal Navy?
1947
What part of the military did Attenborough serve in?
the British Royal Navy
When did Attenborough first begin work as an editor?
1949
Where did Attenborough work a year after starting a job as an editor in 1949?
the BBC
What does the BBC stand for?
the British Broadcasting Company
When did Attenborough first start work at the BBC?
1950
What series came out of Attenborough’s work on the BBC?
“Life On Earth” in 1976
When was Attenborough awarded knighthood?
1985
Who did Attenborough receive the knighthood award from?
Queen Elizabeth II
What title did Attenborough get after receiving knighthood status?
“Sir” at the front of his name
Who did Attenborough marry?
Jane Oriel
When did Attenborough and Jane Oriel get married?
1950
When did Jane Oriel die?
1997
How many children did Attenborough and Oriel have?
2, 1 son and 1 daughter
Who is the oldest person to have visited the North Pole?
David Attenborough
What is the most traveled person in human history?
David Attenborough
Attenborough states in his speech that the most who contribute the least to climate change suffer the __________ of its effects.
most
How do Attenborough’s speech and Thunberg’s speech compare?
Thunberg criticizes the audience of wrong-doing while Attenborough focuses on hope and human potential; it is more of a motivational speech rather than instilling fear
Which collective pronouns does Attenborough use in his speech?
“our” and “we”
What does Attenborough’s speech begin with?
the emphasis on a single number, the atmospheric carbon concentration, as an indicator of climate change
Back before temperature stabilized, the atmospheric carbon concentration jumped from where?
180 to 300
What mode of persuasion does Attenborough use when he says “brutal and unpredictable”?
pathos
According to Attenborough’s speech, when was civilization possible?
10,000 years ago
What range did global temperature stay within? (until now)
no more than plus 1 or minus 1 degree Celsius
Attenborough ends his statement with “until now”, which suggests what?
that something has happened, and it is most likely human-caused
What type of question is Attenborough posing here: “Is this how our story is due to end?”
A rhetorical question
According to Attenborough, who will be the ones to help end climate change?
the young people here today
Attenborough highlights the problem in his speech, but then does what?
offers solutions, ways to move past it, and fix the situation we are in today
What village is Sinnok from?
Shishmaref, AK
What certificate did Sinnok earn in May of 2017?
Certificate of Tribal Management
When did Sinnok earn his Certificate of Tribal Management?
May of 2017
When did Sinnok get his Bachelor of Science degree?
May 2020
What degree did Sinnok get in May 2020?
Bachelor of Science degree
Where did Sinnok get his Bachelor of Science degree?
the University of Alaska at Fairbanks
What significant program was Sinnok part of while at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks?
the Caleb Scholars Program
What is the goal of the Caleb Scholars Program?
to support Alaska Native students from Arctic regions
What prestigious award did Sinnok win in 2016?
the White House Champions of Change for Climate Equity
How many people each year are awarded the White House Champions of Change for Climate Equity?
10
When did Sinnok win the White House Champions of Change for Climate Equity?
2016
How many people live in Shishmaref?
roughly 600
Shishmaref will be underwater within how many years?
30 years
What does Sinnok fear if Shishmaref doesn’t relocate?
he fears their unique culture and language will disappear
When did Shishmaref originally vote to relocate?
2002
Why didn’t Shishmaref relocate when they voted to in 2002?
they lacked funding and a clear plan
How many miles below the Arctic Circle is Shishmaref?
30 miles
Sinnok wakes up every day in Shishmaref and sees what sea?
the Chukchi Sea
Where was Sharma raised?
India
What type of school did Sharma initially go to?
a covenant school
In 8th grade, Sharma switched to what type of school without telling his parents?
a Hindi medium school
Where was Sharma in 2008?
Bangalore, India as an engineer
In 2008, Sharma lived in Bangalore, working for what company?
Toyota
Who did Sharma meet while working for Toyota in Bangalore, who changed his life?
Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki
What did Miyawaki teach Sharma?
a method on how to make a forest grow ten times faster
When did Sharma found Afforestation?
2011
What is Afforestation’s mission?
to bring back our native forests
Sharma has been an Ashoka Fellow since when?
2013
What type of engineer is Sharma?
an industrial engineer
In Sharma’s talk, he claims he is an industrial engineer. What does this do?
this establishes his credibility in this field using ethos
Why was Miyawaki brought to Sharma’s workplace in India? (back when he worked for Toyota)
he was asked to make the plant carbon-neutral
The quality and efficiency Toyota uses to make cars is called what?
TPS, or Toyota Production System
What space do Sharma’s forests utilize?
vertical space, which allows for denser forests
In Sharma’s talk, he compares the price of making his forests to what?
the price of an iPhone
According to Sharma, what does covering the soil with grass or rice straw do?
it reduces evaporation, promoting water conservation along with it
Compared to traditional forests, Sharma’s grow how much faster?
10 times faster
Compared to traditional forests, Sharma’s are how much denser?
30 times denser
Compared to traditional forests, Sharma’s are how much more biodiverse?
100 times more biodiverse
Sharma can make a 300-tree forest in how little of a space?
as little as the parking space of 6 cars
Where did Ermias Kebreab grow up?
Eritrea
Where is Eritrea?
in East Africa
What type of scientist is Kebreab?
an animal scientist
What does Kebreab have a PhD in?
ecological modeling
Where did Kebreab get his PhD?
the University of Reading, UK
When did Kebreab get his PhD?
1998
Where does Kebreab teach today?
the University of California Davis Department of Animal Science
What does Kebreab think is a potential solution to reduce methane emissions from cows?
feeding them seaweed
What is the largest type of land on Earth’s surface?
pasture
What mode of persuasion does Kebreab start with in his talk?
logos
Over a quarter of all land is used for _____________, according to Kebreab’s speech.
livestock
What causes cows to produce methane?
the fermentation process in their stomachs
When Kebreab says “most of the methane from cows is burped out, not through the back end”, what is he using?
humor, to engage his audience while informing them too
Kebreab points out the extremity of the methane problem with cows using what?
logos, when he gives many numbers and statistics
How does seaweed being fed to cows affect their health, milk production, etc?
it actually has no harmful effects, and even causes them to gain a little weight
According to Kebreab, why isn’t the solution to stop eating beef or consuming dairy products?
he uses his firsthand experience and Eritrea and talks about how 3rd-world countries don’t always have this opportunity like first-world countries do
How much equivalent CO2 do cows burp per year?
roughly 2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent
How big is the taste difference between cows that are fed with seaweed and those without?
there actually is no difference, and the nutritional quality was the same
According to Kebreab, how does the seaweed reduce emissions?
the seaweed contains ingredients that stop microbes in the cow’s gut from forming methane
According to Kebreab’s talk, there will be enough seaweed production by year ____ to feed all cattle in the US.
2030
