LIT Section 2 Flashcards
Where does Ele Fountain live?
Hampshire, England
What are Fountain’s pets?
she has lots of spiders and a ginger cat
What color is Fountain’s cat?
ginger with white stripes
What did Fountain work as before she became a writer?
an editor in children’s publishing
How many years of experience does Fountain have with children’s publishing?
20 years
Where was Fountain living when she wrote her first novel?
Addis Adaba, Ethiopia
What is Fountain’s first novel?
“Boy 87”
When was “Boy 87” published?
2018
What was “Boy 87” about?
the refugee crisis in Africa
When did Fountain publish her second novel?
2020
What was Fountain’s second novel?
“Lost”
What award did “Lost” get?
Guardian’s children’s book of the year
When was “Melt” released?
2021
When was “Fake” published?
2022
What is “Fake” about?
a society whose only friends are virtual and big tech companies control access to food, healthcare, and leisure
How many awards did “Fake” win?
2
When was “Wild” published?
2023
Who is the main character of “Wild”?
Jack
How are “Wild” and “Melt” similar?
they both explore relationships between society and the natural world
Where in the Arctic does “Melt” take place?
the exact location is unknown
In “Melt”, the average temperature of the Arctic has risen by how much compared to the global average?
3 times faster, as it in “Melt”, the Arctic is warming faster than any other place on Earth
What does the WWF stand for?
World Wildlife Fund
According to the WWF, up to __% of Arctic infrastructure could be at risk of damage by ________.
50%, 2050
Oil companies have been drilling in the Arctic since what event?
since Russia discovered oil in Tazovskoye Field in 1962
Oil companies have been drilling in the Arctic since what year?
1962
When did Russia discover oil in Tazovskoye Field?
1962
Where is Prudhoe Bay located?
Alaska’s North Slope
What state is Prudhoe Bay in?
Alaska
When was oil discovered in Prudhoe Bay?
1968
What does USGS stand for?
the United States Geological Survey
In 2008, USGS found the Arctic contains how many barrels of oil?
about 90 billion barrels of oil
In 2008, USGS found the Arctic contains what percent of undiscovered oil reserves?
13%
What is the main difficulty with drilling in the Arctic?
the fragility of the sea ice, as well as the immense cold
How many oil spills have happened in the Arctic?
0
Has there ever been an oil spill in the Arctic?
No
What boat caused the Exxon Valdez oil spill?
the Exxon Valdez
When was the Exxon Valdez oil spill?
1989
Where was the Exxon Valdez oil spill?
Prince William Sound, Alaska
What boat caused the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill?
the BP Deepwater Horizon
Where was the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill?
the Gulf of Mexico
When was the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill?
2010
How many barrels of oil were released into the sea in the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill?
200 million barrels
How many barrels of oil were released into the sea in the Exxon Valdez oil spill?
11 million barrels
What is Bea’s dad’s profession?
he is a geologist
Bea’s dad’s worries about the Arctic while surveying an area there that could be potentially drilled creates what?
a major conflict in the novel
The akatuq food mentioned in the Melt is from which indigenous people?
the Russian or Alaskan Yupik people
The word for grandmother in Melt, or anaanatisaq, is from which indigenous group?
the Canadian Inuit
The Yupiks and Canadian Inuit are part of a group known collectively as what?
Inuit
Where are the Inuit people located?
Eastern Russia, Alaska, Arctic Canada, and Greenland
Is/are the language(s) of the Inuit people the same or different?
the language is the same among the Inuit, but the dialects vary depending on where they are located
How old is Yutu in “Melt”?
14
Yutu’s grandmother has raised Yutu since he was how old?
7
What is the name of Yutu’s grandmother?
Miki
Why does Yutu want to study so badly?
so he can be smart enough and get good grades to move out of the village eventually
How old was Yutu when his parents died?
7
How old is Bea in “Melt”?
14
Where did Bea start her new school?
the exact location is unknown, but it is in the Northern Hemisphere
Bea has been to how many schools within the past 5 years?
5
Why does Bea move so often?
because her dad’s work
How is Bea’s spirit described as?
adventurous
Who is jealous of Bea’s friendship with Will?
Stella
Who is the leader of the group of 4 girls who constantly bully Bea?
Stella
When is the tension between Bea and her mother resolved?
at the end of the novel
Who taught Bea how to fly an airplane?
Bea’s dad
What does Bea’s dad want to work as when he has saved up enough money?
a trail guide
Who are Yutu’s friends at school?
Sami, Jack, and Adam
Yutu’s friends are disinterested in school and prefer to do what?
play video games
Who lends Yutu a snowmobile when he goes off hunting to the cabin?
Sami
Where does Bea meet Will for the first time?
their chemistry class
What happens at the airport when Bea’s dad and Bea land? (when Bea’s dad takes her to his work and says his work has provided them a hotel)
2 unknown men capture Bea’s father and try to take hold of Bea too, but fail
How many seats does Bea’s father’s airplane have?
4
How many countries are part of the Arctic Circle region?
8
What part of Denmark is in the Arctic Circle?
Greenland
What part of the US is in the Arctic Circle?
Alaska
What part of Canada is in the Arctic Circle?
Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavat
What countries are in Scandinavia?
Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland
How long is the flight from the town where Bea lives and the Artic Circle?
4 hours, thus where Bea lives is a 4-hour flight below the Arctic Circle
Who are the protagonists of Melt?
Bea and Yutu
What is bravery?
showing mental or moral strength to face danger, fear, or difficulty
Students who are bullied often feel what?
threatened and powerless
Bullying threatens the ______________ and _____________ safety of students.
physical, mental
What is the main theme of Melt?
climate change, and the way human activity is affecting our world
What is coming of age?
the transition from childhood to adulthood
How is coming of age celebrated in Mexico?
through a Quinceanera
Does Bea have any friends?
No
What is social responsibility?
being aware of one’s decisions and actions, and how this impacts others
What is the social responsibility in Melt focused on?
Bea’s father’s decision to be focused on being socially responsible, and how this brings Bea and Yutu together
What is alliteration?
the repetition of the first letter or sound of words in a series to draw attention to it
What is allusion?
the reference to something else, like a novel, historical figure, song, etc.
Who made Lord of the Rings?
J. R. R. Tolkien
What is literary allusion?
allusion to a piece of literature
What is the literary allusion in chapter 1 of Melt, comparing the traditional house where Yutu lives with what?
the homes of the Hobbits in Lord of the Rings
Comparing Yutu’s house to the homes of the Hobbits in the Lord of the Rings in chapter 1 allows the reader to envision what?
how small and low the entrance to the house is
What is contrast?
where authors highlight differences in 2 things to bring attention to them
What is a dual narrative?
a narrative that tells a story from 2 different perspectives
How is Melt a dual narrative?
it shows the perspectives of both Yutu and Bea throughout the novel
What does the dual narrative in Melt emphasize?
the similarities and differences in Bea’s and Yutu’s lifestyle and teenhood
What is figurative language?
figures of speech used to emphasize or highlight something, not to be taken literally
What is a metaphor?
directly comparing 2 unlike things without using like or as
What is personification?
give non-human things human-like qualities, actions, descriptions, etc
What is a simile?
comparing 2 unlike things using like or as
What type of figurative language is saying someone is “under the weather”?
it is an idiom
What is an idiom?
a phrase with figurative meaning
What does it mean when someone is under the weather?
that means that they are sick
What is imagery?
descriptions that appeal to the 5 senses
What are the 5 senses?
visual, tactile, gustatory, auditory, and olfactory (sight, touch, taste, sound, and smell)
What is foreshadowing?
hints to the reader about what can/will happen later in the novel
How many elements are associated with traditional plot structure?
5
What is the 1st plot element of plot structure?
exposition, when the author establishes the characters, settings, etc
What is the 2nd plot element of plot structure?
rising action, when the author brings the conflicts into play
What is the 3rd plot element of plot structure?
climax, the turning point in a story
What is the 4th plot element of plot structure?
falling action, when the story starts to wrap up and conflict starts to resolve
What is the 5th plot element of plot structure?
resolution, the conclusion of the story
What is exposition in plot structure?
when the author establishes the characters, settings, etc
What is rising action in plot structure?
when the author brings the conflict(s) into play
What is climax in plot structure?
the turning point of the story
What is falling action in plot structure?
when the story wraps up and the conflict starts to resolve
What is resolution in plot structure?
the conclusion of the story
What point of view is Melt told from?
First-person point of view
In Melt, from who’s point of view is the first 1/3 of the book told from?
it alternates between Bea and Yutu
In Melt, from who’s point of view is the last 2/3s of the book told from?
only Bea’s point of view
What are the blank spaces within the chapters of Melt supposed to indicate?
that time has moved forward
What is sibilance?
the repeating of the harsh “s” sound
What is another word for syntax?
sentence structure
Short sentences, especially those that are 1 or 2 words, usually emphasize what?
a theme or conflict
What is theme?
the big idea of the story
What is tension in a novel?
feelings of suspense, anxiety, fear, uncertainty, anticipation, stress, etc
What is tone?
the way something is said, sometimes the author’s attitude towards the subject is tone
Word choice and sentence structure are ways for the author to convey what?
tone
The sound created by sibilance is similar to what?
a snake’s hiss
