list 6 7 8 Flashcards
What were the two ethnocentric attitudes of Anthropologists towards the religion of the “other” in the late 19th and early 20th century?
- Social darwinism
- Science
According to Durkheim what three things occur in the reality of the Sacred?
- Ordinary objects become symbols
- Ordinary acts become rituals
- People feel part of something larger than their everyday world (emotional transcendence)
What are the three essential elements which define the sacred?
- Supernatural reality
- Has power
- We can access that power
For those who believe, what are four main contributions created by the interactions between the Sacred and Profane.
- Meaning of life
- Explanation of reality
- Control over that which we have no control
- Unity (social networks)
What are the three stages of a Creation Myth?
- Time before time
- Time of creation and perfection (primeval reality)
- Time of corruption and the end of time
What are the three things a creation myth tells us about a culture?
- Our core values
- Relationship between the sacred and profane
- Our deepest hopes and fears
What are three examples of primeval reality?
- Classical greeks = golden age
- Christianity = the garden of eden
- Australian aborigines = the dreaming
What are the two versions of the end of time?
- Cyclic time
- The end of time
What are six rational reasons for the end of time, humanity, civilization etc.?
- Nuclear war
- Environmental catastrophe
- Meteor
- Global economic collapse
- Pandemic
- Artificial intelligence
What four important social functions to ceremonies perform?
- Mark passage of time
- To mark important events (holidays)
- Create and maintain group identity
- Restore normalcy in time of crisis
What are the four elements by which ceremonies are bound?
- Time
- Ritual
- Symbol
- Myth
3 stages of a rite of passage
Separation
Transition
Reaggregation
What are the three reasons why anthropologists study funeral ceremonies and rituals?
- Universal
- Tell us about the living (the core values)
- Death is what connects the reality of the everyday to the reality of the sacred
Describe 4 ways that the treatment of the dead has changed recently in the U.S. and why.
- Roadside memorials
- Disinterment
- Cemetery memorials
- Burial artifacts
What are two links between between anthropology and the dead other?
1) Creation of the dead other
2) Eliminate dead other
Describe the two reasons why it has been difficult to achieve the goals of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
- Large number of things taken, couldn’t be tracked
- Only covers places where there is Proof of Possesion (colleges, institutions, etc.), wealthy private collections not included in this, if no proof can’t enforce getting it back
What are the four forms of Anthropophagy? Be able to give an example of each.
- Psychopathic Cannibalism: Eat people because they are insane
- Survival Cannibalism: Last resort, if you don’t consume humans you will die.
- Ritual Cannibalism: Consume parts of dead in order to be connected to dead.
- Dietary Cannibalism: Eat people as part of diet.
