article review 1 and 2

Question 1

Human children performed better than their primate relatives at which kind of tests?
(“how are humans unique?”)

Answer 1

The children only performed better on the tests that measured social skills.

Question 2

According to evolutionary models, what is the best way to get humans to cooperate?
(“how are humans unique?”)

Answer 2

Identify an enemy and charge that “they” threaten “us”

Question 3

If group-mindedness is the cause of so much strife and suffering what is the solution? (“how are humans unique?”)

Answer 3

Find new ways to define the group

Question 4

How does HPD lead to modern human behavior?
(“high population density”)

Answer 4

Leads to greater exchange of ideas and skills and prevents the loss of new innovations. It is this skill maintenance, combined with a greater probability of useful innovations that lead to modern human behavior.

Question 5

In which three regions of the world did modern behavior first emerge?
(“high population density”)

Answer 5

Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, and the middle-east

Question 6

Where was the first evidence of abstract thinking found?
(“high population density”)

Answer 6

90000

Question 7

What does successful innovation depend on?
(“high population density”)

Answer 7

How connected you are

Question 8

According to Sahlins what marks the split between edible and inedible animals? (“The cultural construction of the American diet”)

Answer 8

Marks a split in the kind of social relationships that Americans traditionally cultivate with animals.

Question 9

How is the American classification system a sustained metaphor on cannibalism? (“The cultural construction of the American diet”)

Answer 9

Americans interpret animals bodies as if they were human bodies

Question 10

What accounts for the high status of meat in western society? (“The cultural construction of the American diet”)

Answer 10

The meat “tangibly represents human control of natural work. Consuming the muscle flesh of other highly evolved animals is a potent statement of our supreme power”

Question 11

What does Fiddes believe accounts for the decline of meat consumption in the West?(“The cultural construction of the American diet”)

Answer 11

It constitutes a symbolic rejection not only of meat eating, but of “the masculine world view that ubiquitously perceives, values, and legitimates hierarchical domination of nature, of women, and of other men, and, as its corollary, devalues less domineering modes of interaction between humans and with the rest of nature.”

Question 12

How do masks hinder our communication with others? (“Mask on, smile off, or is it?”)

Answer 12

They cover our mouths and smiles

Question 13

How might masks liberate us? (“Mask on, smile off, or is it?”)

Answer 13

Some people aren’t extroverted smilers and also women are tired of being told to smile on the street.

Question 14

How might people compensate for the loss of facial expressions? (“Mask on, smile off, or is it?”)

Answer 14

By nodding or waving

Question 15

Which two groups might find masks making their lives difficult (or dangerous?) How? (“Mask on, smile off, or is it?”)

Answer 15

Deaf people rely on lip reading and visual cues (masks can hide that and muffle speech)

Question 16

Where are the Tswana from? (“Cultural difference”)

Answer 16

Botswana

Question 17

The problem in cultural differences involved which two groups? (“Cultural difference”)

Answer 17

The Tswana people and Americans

Question 18

Explain what the problem was between the Tswana people and the American. (“Cultural difference”)

Answer 18

The Tswana people think that the only people who want to be alone are witches or insane people but they don’t view Americans like that so when the Americans wanted to be alone they always found themselves accompanied by Tswana.

Question 19

Where are the Agta from? (“Why our stories matter”)

Answer 19

The Philippines

Question 20

Why are scientists fascinated by the few groups of hunter/gatherers still remaining? (“Why our stories matter”)

Answer 20

It is thought that they reflect our species earliest successful way of life, before the invention of agriculture.

Question 21

What riddle has long puzzled evolutionary biologists? Where might we find the answer? (“Why our stories matter”)

Answer 21

How did humans learn cooperative behavior such as food-sharing, the care of others, the coordination of tasks, the acceptance of social norms? The answer has to do with the stories we tell.

Question 22

Which three values do the stories of the Agta emphasize (“Why our stories matter”)

Answer 22

• Gender equality
• Friendship
• Social acceptance of difference

Question 23

Where did this research take place? (“How to build a successful health clinic”)

Answer 23

Kikuyu Kenya

Question 24

What was the reason why Anthropological Fieldwork would be critical to building a “successful” clinic? “How to build a successful health clinic”

Answer 24

To understand the community

Question 25

Be able to select aspects of Fieldwork, Applied and Collaborative Anthropology “How to build a successful health clinic”

Answer 25

• Fieldwork: living in the community, having a guide/interpreter/informant, show respect and reduce social distance
• Applied anthropology: built a health clinic using understating of refugees, africa, kenya, and kikuyu people.
• Collaborative anthropology: people came together to create suggestions for the clinic

Question 26

What is the focus of the economic system of the Nacirema?

Answer 26

Health and the aesthetic of the human body

Question 27

What is the foundation of their entire belief system?

Answer 27

The human body is ugly and that its natural tendency is to debility and disease

Question 28

In which part of their dwelling do you find their shrine?

Answer 28

Shrine room

Question 29

What is the latipso?

Answer 29

Hospital

Question 30

Who are the Nacirema? (you must deduce this form the article-it is not explicitly stated)

Answer 30

a group living in the territory between the Canadian Cree, the Yaqui and Tarahumare of Mexico, and the Carib and Arawak of the Antilles.

Question 31

How might people compensate for the loss of facial expressions? (“Mask on, smile off, or is it?”)

Answer 31

By nodding or waving