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Chemistry > Liquids Test (4/29/16) > Flashcards

Liquids Test (4/29/16) Flashcards

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1
Q

The most abundant substance in a solution

A

Solvent

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2
Q

Dissolved substances

A

Solute

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3
Q

When 2 liquids mix to form homogeneous mixture

A

Miscible

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4
Q

When liquids separate after mixing

A

Immiscible

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5
Q

The dissolving process in solid-in-liquid solutions

A

Solvation

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6
Q

Solvation in water

A

Hydration

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7
Q

The net energy change during the dissolving process

A

Enthalpy

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8
Q

The energy goes from the motion of the particles and enters the bonds

A

Endothermic

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9
Q

The energy exits the bonds and increases the motion, thus the solution heats up

A

Exothermic

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10
Q

When more solute can still be dissolved

A

Unsaturated

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11
Q

When a solution contains the maximum amount of a solute

A

Saturated

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12
Q

When a solution contains more dissolved solute than it does at equilibrium

A

Supersaturation

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13
Q

When both the solute and solvent occur at the same rate and are balanced

A

Dynamic equilibrium

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14
Q

When ions are so tightly bound together that you cannot pull them apart

A

Insoluble

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15
Q

Is a measure of the number of solute particles in a certain volume or mass of the solvent, or of the solution itself. Concentration= amount of solute/ amount of solution (or solvent)

A

Concentration

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16
Q

Comparison of the solute to the mass of the solution. % by mass= mass of solute/ massof solution x 100%

A

Percent by mass

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17
Q

Comparison of volume of the solute to the volume of the solution. % by volume= volume of solute/ volume of solution x 100%

A

Percent by volume

18
Q

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Most common expression of Concentration

A

Molarity

19
Q

number of moles of solutes per kilogram of solvent.

A

Molality

20
Q

The new properties of a solution that depend upon the number of particles in the solution.

A

Colligative properties

21
Q

The change in boiling point

A

Boiling-point Elevation

22
Q

1 mole of particles- molecules, atoms, or ions- in 1 kilogram of water elevates the boiling point of water 0.512 C

A

Molal Boiling-point constant

23
Q

The change in freezing point

A

Freezing-point depression

24
Q

Each solvent has its own that is found by multiplying the molality to find the magnitude

A

Molal freezing-point constant

25
Q

The process in which a solvent moves across a semipermeable membrane

A

Osmosis

26
Q

The amount of pressure required to prevent osmosis from occurring.

A

Osmotic Pressure

27
Q

Mixtures that contain small particles dispersed in a medium.

A

Colloids

28
Q

Particles in a colloid (ie. water vapor in a fog)

A

Dispersed Phase

29
Q

The medium of a colloid (ie., air for fog)

A

Dispersing Medium

30
Q

LCD

A

Liquid Crystal Displays

31
Q

A graphical way to summarize the temperature and pressure conditions in which a substance exists as a solid, liquid , or gas.

A

Phase Diagram

32
Q

The process of vaporization and condensation can be used to separate mixtures

A

Distillation

33
Q

A rapid change between liquid and the gaseous states caused by the application of heat

A

Boiling

34
Q

A cooling process that occurs in a non-boiling liquid

A

Evaporization

35
Q

The reverse of vaporization- it is the formation of a liquid from its gaseous state.

A

Condensation

36
Q

Can occur at or below the boiling- point, and is where molecules break away from the liquid because of their speed

A

Vaporization

37
Q

The concave surface that occurs as a result of adhesion for a liquid

A

Meniscus

38
Q

A liquids ability to flow

A

Viscosity

39
Q

A liquids resistance to flow

A

Adhesion

40
Q

The “skin” that forms on the surface of a liquid

A

Surface tension

41
Q

The attraction between particles in liquid

A

Cohesion

42
Q

Homogeneous mixtures

A

Solution

Chemistry (15 decks)

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