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Chemistry > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

A substance used to reduce a catalyst’s undesirable effects

A

Inhibitor

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2
Q

Determined by the average kinetic energy of its molecules

A

Temperature of gas

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3
Q

Instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure

A

Barometer

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4
Q

The state of matter that is fairly dense, has a definite colume, and has a fixed shape

A

Solid

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5
Q

The intermolecular forces that exist between polar molecules

A

Dipole-dipole forces

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6
Q

Abbreviation for molarity

A

M

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7
Q

Gas mingling with porous substances is an example of this

A

Permeability

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8
Q

This law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures

A

Dalton’s law of partial pressures

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9
Q

Used to properly describe the composition of ionic compounds; tells what elements are present and gives the simplest moles

A

Empirical Formula

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10
Q

These are required to perform stoichiometric calculations correctly

A

Balanced equations

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11
Q

The actual yield divided by the theoretical yield and multiplies by 100%

A

Percent yield

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12
Q

To convert moles of a pure substance to particles of that same substance, you must multiply the mole by this

A

Avogadro’s number

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13
Q

In a chemical reaction, these are used up before the others and prevents more products from forming

A

Limiting reactant

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14
Q

The official definition of Avogadro’s number is based on this

A

12g of Carbon

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15
Q

An element’s relative mass, expressed in atomic mass units on the periodic table and is equal to its

A

Molar mass

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16
Q

Prefix=7

A

Hepta

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17
Q

Substances that change the rate of a reaction without undergoing permanent changes themselves

A

Catalysts

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18
Q

In a chemical equation these always appear on the left side

A

Reactants

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19
Q

Name derived from a German chemist and what chemicals he had “in Stock”

A

Stock system

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20
Q

Prefix that is usually ommitted in a binary covalent compound naming

A

Mono

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21
Q

Prefix that means 8

A

Octa

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22
Q

These molecules lack polarity

A

Diatomic molecules

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23
Q

According to this theory, there must be more electons in bonding orbital than in antibonding orbital for a bond to form between two atoms

A

Molecular orbital theory

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24
Q

This theory states that covalent bonds are formed when orbital of different atoms overlap

A

Valence bond theory

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25
Q

An orderly arrangement of ions in a three-dimensional pattern within a compound

A

Crystal lattice

26
Q

The measure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons to itseld in a chemical bond

A

Electronegativity

27
Q

The total number of electrons must equal the total number of valence electrons provided by the atoms in the molecule, in this format

A

Lewis structure

28
Q

The large group of elements that have their highest energy electrons in interior d sublevels

A

Transition metals

29
Q

Mendeleev’s periodic table arranged elements by this

A

Atomic mass

30
Q

Electron atomic particle

A

Cathode rays

31
Q

This atomic particle is reveal under a spectroscopy

A

Electron

32
Q

The electrons in the outermost energy level that are important in bonding

A

Valence electrons

33
Q

A negatively charged ion

A

Anion

34
Q

States that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

A

Pauli exclusion principle

35
Q

Describes how electrons fill orbits

A

Aufbau principle

36
Q

States that it is impossible to know both the energy and the exact position of an electron at the same time

A

Heinsberg uncertainty principle

37
Q

Was the first to refer to the smallest particles composing matter as atoms

A

Democritus

38
Q

Standard SI temperature scale

A

Kelvin

39
Q

An instrument that is used to compare an object directly to a scale or that displays the reading using a pointer

A

Analog instrument

40
Q

The system of measurement is any meaurement that is based on a decimal scale

A

Metric system

41
Q

A fraction equal to one that contains both the original unit and its equivalent value in a new unit

A

Conversion factor

42
Q

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius is defined

A

Calorie

43
Q

This principle of logic states asserts that a hypothesis makes as few assumptions and is as simple as possible

A

Ockham’s Razor

44
Q

The Book of Genesis gives this

A

Creation Mandate

45
Q

The data or conclusions that result from careful exerimentation

A

Empirical data

46
Q

Science is the total collection of knowledge gained through doing this

A

Observation

47
Q

Chemistry is the study of chemicals and the study of all of the changes to this

A

Matter

48
Q

Physical, descriptive or mathematical representations that characterize a system or explain a phenomenon

A

Scientific models

49
Q

Four Greek Elements

A

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

50
Q

Reasoning that can prove a statement to be probable or likely.

A

Inductive reasoning

51
Q

Gold

A

Au

52
Q

Radon

A

Rn

53
Q

Copper

A

Cu

54
Q

Zinc

A

Zn

55
Q

Potassium

A

K

56
Q

Tungsten

A

W

57
Q

KClO3

A

Chloride

58
Q

P2O5

A

Dyphosnerous pentoxide

59
Q

NH4F

A

Omonium Floride

60
Q

NA3PO4

A

Sodium phosphate

Chemistry (15 decks)

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