Chapter 3 Flashcards
The smaller the percent error, the more _____ the measure is.
accurate
The SI is the _____ system.
metric
A(n) _____ is an artificial device.
instrument
The result of comparing unknown quantities is known as a(n) _____.
measurement
What is the act of comparing an unknown quantity to a standard unit?
measurement
What is a measurable property of an object?
dimension
A(n) _____ is one of something.
unit
A(n) _____ provides a means for measuring.
scale
A(n) _____ is any artificial device used to measure.
instrument
A(n) _____ system is any measuring system in which different-sized units are related to each other by multiples of 10.
metric
What are the (7) SI Base Units?
- length
- mass
- time
- temperature (absolute)
- number of particles
- electrical current
- light intensity
What is accuracy?
how close a measurement is to the actual value
What is precision?
quantitative evaluation of the exactness of a measurement or a measuring instrument (repeatability)
Describe data.
any recorded observation that is a detailed description
What are digits that are known for certain, plus one estimated number?
significant digits
What is significant digit rule number 1?
SigDigs apply only to measured data
(SigDigs do not apply to counted or pure numbers)
(SigDigs do not apply to ratios that are exactly 1 by definition)
What is significant digit rule number 2?
all non zero digits are significant
What is significant digit rule number 3?
all zeros between nonzero digits are significant
What is significant digit rule number 4?
decimal points define significant zeros
(If a decimal point is present, all zeros to the right of the last non zero digit are significant)
(If a decimal point is not present, no trailing zeros are significant)
(In decimal numbers, all zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are not significant)
What is significant digit rule number 5?
significant zeroes in the one’s place are followed by a decimal point
What is significant digit rule number 6?
The decimal factor of scientific notation contains only SigDigs
What is math rule number 1?
Measured data must be the same kind of dimension and have the same units before they can be added or subtracted
What is math rule number 2?
The sum or differences of measured data cannot have greater precision than the least precise quantity in the sum or difference.
What is math rule number 3?
The product or quotient of measured data cannot have more SigDigs than the quantity with the fewest SigDigs.
What is math rule number 4?
The product or quotient of a measurement and a counted number, conversion factor, or defined value has the same number of decimal places, or same precision, as the original measurement.
What is math rule number 5?
In compound calculations, do not round off at the intermediate steps.
What is bridge notation?
way of converting measurements
ex (in-ft): 60in/1 X 1ft/12in = 5ft
(see book p53 if you need to. It’s really not that hard)
What is a conversion factor?
A ratio that is constructed from the relationship between two units and is equal to 1, for example, 1kg/1000g.
I recommend knowing some basic ones if you don’t already.
To _____ is to accurately subdivide into measurement units.
calibrate
What are base units?
seven units in the SI, each of which measures a basic dimension, from which all other metric dimensional units are derived
What is a derived unit?
any mathematical combination of the base units (ex: square meter, cubic meter, hertz, and joule)
What is a unit conversion?
multiplication of a measurement by a conversion factor
What kind of instrument uses a scale and pointer?
analog
What kind of instrument uses a display with numerical digits?
digital
Essay!!!!!;) 👰
Bridge notation
