Chapter 1-2 Flashcards
T/F: Kelvin is a degree that is the same size as a Celsius degree.
False
Thermal energy always flows from _____ to _____.
Hot to cold
What is the standard unit measurement of energy?
Joule
Digestion of food is an example of a(n) _____ change.
Chemical
Mothball crystals are an example of a substance that exhibits _____.
Sublimation
The Burning of a candle is an example of a _____ reaction.
Exothermic
Alchemist were known for trying to turn metals into _____.
Gold
What is the small particle of the matter?
An atom
What is the ability to do work?
Energy
Charged atoms are called _____.
Ions
What are ideas that a person assumes to be true without any proof?
Presupposition
[Will add question later]
Absolute zero
What represents an elements name?
Chemical symbol
Mixtures such as orange juice, which need to be shaken, our known as what?
Heterogeneous mixtures
What is a workable re-creation of something?
Scientific model
What state of matter can exist at near absolute zero temperatures?
Bose – Einstein
Which law of thermodynamics states that all natural processes tend toward the highest point of entropy?
The second law of thermodynamics
[Will add question later]
Kinetic-molecular theory
The science of _____ studies movement and thermal energy.
Thermodynamics
What is the measure of randomness?
Entropy
[Will add question later]
Observation
What worldview states that matter is the only thing that exists and human reason is the only source of truth?
Naturalistic
In 2000, an estimated 18 million chemicals… If 1 million chemicals are added per year, there would be… By the year 2020. This is an example of _____.
Inductive reasoning
Where is the creation mandate found?
Genesis
Sweet tea is an example of a(n) _____ mixture.
Homogenous
Type of data that refers to numbers.
Quantitative
What culture is most associated with apothecaries?
Egyptians
What is a simple and testable statement?
Hypothesis
Type of data that refers to characteristics.
Qualitative
Who was the first Bible character to use metallurgy?
Cain
What is the simplest possible outcome for a hypothesis?
Ockham’s razor
What would be the best way to collect data on soil pollution?
Surveys
The data collected from an experiment can be described as _____.
Imperical
_____ energy is the sum of all motions in a particle.
Kinetic
What is the most important contribution from alchemist?
Experiments
I thought it was something slightly different. Please change if u remember
Which commandment is “Love thy neighbor as thyself”?
The second commandment
Biblical perspective is
Add more if u can remember
Christian worldview
[Will add question later]
System
[Will add question later]
Third law of thermodynamics
JUST A REMINDER
There are two essays on the test. She said they were both on pages two and three.
A Christian chemist who believes the Bible would exhibit _____ in his work.
A bias
What is the study of all elements (except carbon) and their components, often in the context of their ability to conduct electricity?
Inorganic Chemistry
What is the study of radioactivity, the nucleus, and the changes that the nucleus undergoes?
Nuclear Chemistry
What is the study of the chemical processes in living things?
Biochemistry
What is the study of compounds containing carbon, most commonly in living things?
Organic Chemistry
What is the foundation theories of chemistry that allow detailed study of interactions between substances and the accompanying energy changes?
Physical Chemistry
_____ is the total collection of knowledge gained through the systematic observation of nature
Science
_____ science explores natural products and processes for specific applications?
Applied
_____ science probes nature simply to learn new things about the universe we live in.
Pure
What kind of reasoning proceeds from generailzed premises to a specific conclusion?
Deductive
What kind of reasoning proceeds from specific examples to a general conclusion?
Inductive
Who concluded oxygen was the reason why increase in mass when burned?
Lavoisier
Who discovered oxygen?
Priestly
_____ is anything that occupies space and has mass.
Matter
_____ properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the actual composition of the material.
Physical
_____ properties are properties that describe how matter acts in the presence of other materials or how it changes composition when sufficient energy is added to it.
Chemical
_____ is how much matter is in a unit.
Density
_____ is connections between particles.
Malleability
_____ is being able to be stretched into long thin wires.
Ductility
_____ is the ability to transfer heat or energy.
Conductivity
A _____ is a substance that consists of only one type of matter.
Pure Substance
A _____ is a material that can be separated into two or more pure substances by physical changes.
Mixture
A(n) _____ is a pure substance consisting of only one kind of atom.
Element
_____s are distinct groups of atoms bonded together.
Molecules
_____s are pure substances that consist of 2 or more elements chemically combined.
Compounds
State the First Law of Thermodynamics.
Energy (anything) cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
State the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
All natural processes tend toward the highest entropy and minimum usable energy.
State the Third Law of Thermodynamics.
It is impossible to reach absolute zero
What is the random jiggling of microscopic matter?
Brownian motion
What are the four states of matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
GAS to LIQUID
Condensation
LIQUID to GAS
Vaporization
LIQUID to SOLID
Freezing
SOLID to LIQUID
Melting
SOLID to GAS
Sublimation
GAS to SOLID
Deposition
