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lipids biochem 5 > lipids 2, digestion of lipids > Flashcards

lipids 2, digestion of lipids Flashcards

1
Q

The end product of de novo synthesis is ?

A

palmitic acid

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2
Q

Unsaturated fats have a _____melting point and a ________chain

A

lower

shorter

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3
Q

unsaturated are liquid or solid at room temp?

A

liquid

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4
Q

What is the problem with trans fat?

A

humans don’t have enzymes to digest

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5
Q

In nature most unsaturated lipids exist in the _____configuration

A

Cis

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6
Q

Partial hydrogenation is the process of adding _____ to cis unsaturated fatty acids

A

H atoms

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7
Q

90% of dietary lipids are TAGs. What is the other 10% 4 things

A

cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, free fatty acids

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8
Q

Digestion of lipids begins in the ____by ____ ___ ____

A

stomach

acid stable lipase

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9
Q

Digestion of lipids is accomplished by ________ in the duodenum via ______, by the use of the _____ properties of _____ ______.

A 
Digestion of lipids is accomplished by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in the duodenum via \_\_\_\_\_\_, by the use of the \_\_\_\_\_ properties of \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Emulsification 
peristalsis 
detergent 
bile salts
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10
Q

Bile salts are made where and are derivates of what?

A

made in liver stored in gallbladder

cholesterol

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11
Q

_____ and ______ degrade dietary lipids

A

bile salts

pancreatic enzymes

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12
Q

Cholecystokinin is released from where and does what in regards to enzyme & bile release and gastric motility

A
  • released from small intestine
  • increases bile and pancreatic enzyme release
  • decreases gastric motility
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13
Q

secretion is released where and does what two things

A

small intestine

  • increases bicarb release in the gut
  • increases ph to optimize digestive enzymes
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14
Q

Why does Cholecystokinin slow down gastric motility?

A

in takes a long time to digest lipids

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15
Q

What are the 3 products of the digestion of lipids?

A

fatty acids
cholesterol
monoacylglycerol

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16
Q

Short and medium chain fatty acids readily absorb without and micelle T/F?

A

True

17
Q

Digestion of lipids form a ____ ____

A

mixed micelle

18
Q

What is a mixed micelle?

A

Disk shaped clusters of amphipathic lipids with a hydrophilic exterior and a hydrophobic interior

19
Q

Tags and cholesteryl esters are resynthesized in the ER and packaged as_____

A

chylomicrons

20
Q

Where are micelle disk absorbed?

A

Where are micelle disk absorbed?

enterocytes or mucosal cells of intestine

21
Q

What type of fat cells contain the most TAGS

A

chylomicrons

22
Q

Chylomicrons are secreted into ____

A

lymph

23
Q

lipid droplets surrounded by phospholipids and apolipoprotein are

A

chylomicrons

24
Q

the apolipoprotein on a chylomicrons do what?

A

has a ligand that it attaches to, enzymes that help transport it and tell it where to go
-protect it also

25
Q

The reason we avoid putting subclavian lines on the left side is?

A

-chylomicrons travel in the lymphatic system and enter thoracic duct then left subclavian vein

26
Q

TAGS are degraded to _____ and ______ by

A

free fatty acids and glycerol by lipoprotein lipase

27
Q

tags are degraded to free fatty acids and glycerol by lipoprotein lipase where

A

capillaries of SKM and adipose primarily but also heart, lung, kidney and liver

28
Q

free fatty acids can directly enter what tissues?

or travel in?

A

muscles and adipocytes

in plasma via albumin

29
Q

most cells that have a mitochondria and nucleus can

A

oxidize fatty acids to produce energy

30
Q

Glycerol is used by the_____to produce____

A

liver

glycerol 3 phosphate

31
Q

Remnants of chylomicrons are endocytosed by the liver for use of? _____ ______

A

vitamins and phospholipids

32
Q

where are chylomicrons synthesized

A

intestine

lipids biochem 5 (14 decks)

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