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lipids biochem 5 > clinical correlations 2 > Flashcards

clinical correlations 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What body type has issues with airway?

A

apple

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2
Q

phosphaphatidylinositol plays what role in the signaling cascade?

A

cleaved by phospholipase C resulting in IP3 and DAG ,

calcium

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3
Q

glucocorticoids upregulate lipocortins that inhibit ?

A

phospholipase A2

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4
Q

PGF2 is responsible for

A

uterine contraction

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5
Q

PGI2 is responsible for

prostacyclin

A 
vasodilation  
inhibits platelet aggregation 
pain sensitization
gastric cryoprotection 
PDA
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6
Q

PGE2

A

pain sensitization

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7
Q

PGD2

A

bronchoconstriction

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8
Q

TXA2

A

platelet aggregation
bronchoconstriction
vasoconstriction

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9
Q

LTD4

A

bronchoconstriction

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10
Q

Fish oil does what ?

A

lowers VLDL

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11
Q

Fish oil contains

A

omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

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12
Q

hold fish oil for how long before surgery?

A

10-14 days

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13
Q

in Keto acidosis glucagon is elevated and insulin is decreased. What four things does this lead to?

A

lipolysis
free fatty acids in plasma
hepatic output of ketone bodies
ketoacidosis

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14
Q

HDL cholesterol is our friend. Why?

A

retrieve cholesterol from cells and tissues,

decrease foam cells in intima

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15
Q

inhibitors of HMG coa reductase?

A

statins

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16
Q

blocks cholesterol absorption

A

ezetimibe

17
Q

bile resins

cholestyramine

A

blocks bile reabsorption, have to scavenge cholesterol to make more

18
Q

blocks cholesterol from binding to VLDL

A

niacin

19
Q

What are the 4 main tissues in communication via hormones for regulation of metabolism

A

liver
adipose
muscle
brain

20
Q

Insulin binds to what receptor

A

tyrosine kinase receptor

21
Q

when insulin binds causing phosphorylation what happens?

5

A 
glucose uptake (mobilizing transporters)
glycogen synthesis
protein synthesis  
fat synthesis 
altered gene expression (enzymes)
22
Q

when insulin binds causing phosphorylation what catabolic processes are stopped
4

A 
inhibits 
gluconeogenesis
glycogenolysis
lipolysis  
ketogenesis
23
Q

glucagon and epinephrine increase what four catabolic processes

A

gluconeogenesis
glycogenolysis
lipolysis
ketogenesis

24
Q

insulin secretion is decreased in pancreas during hypoglycemia by what mechanism?

A

epi binding to A2

25
Q

Hypoglycemia at blood glucose level of 50 causes

6

A 
headache
confusion
slurred speech 
seizures
coma 
death
26
Q

Hypoglycemia at blood glucose level of 55 causes

A

anxiety
palpitation
tremor
sweating

27
Q

Cholelithiasis is caused by

A

a bile salt deficiency

28
Q

Fatty liver (steatosis) is an imbalance of ?

A

TAG synthesis to secretion of VLDL

29
Q

familial hypercholesterolemia results from

A

deficiency in LDL receptors

30
Q

metabolism of LDL

A

liver cholesterol level low
increase expression of LDL receptors
increased removal of LDL from plasma

31
Q

Tell me WTF a mother fuckn foam cells is

A
  • macrophages scavenge chemically modified LDLs(oxidized lipid or apo B)
  • macrophages pile up causing atherosclerosis
  • create foam cells
  • located under endothelium lining
  • cause damage to vessel
32
Q

HDL help foam cells problems how?

A

retrieve cholesterol from cells and tissues

33
Q

enzyme deficiency related to steroid synthesizing enzymes could result in

A

congenital adrenal hyperplasis

34
Q

congenital adrenal hyperplasis would cause?

A

inability to respond to stress response

cv collapse

35
Q

11B hydroxylase deficiency exaggerated by what drug

A

etomidate

36
Q

Chronic steroid use would cause?

In regards to hormones

A

HP axis
blunted
cant respond to stress response

37
Q

blunted HP axis give what?

A

glucocorticoids

lipids biochem 5 (14 decks)

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