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nutrition for physically active > lipids > Flashcards

lipids Flashcards

1
Q

all lipids are

A

hydrophobic

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2
Q

kcals fat have

A

9 kcals/g

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3
Q

cholestrol has no

A

kcals

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4
Q

esterification

A

making bonds between fatty acids and glycerol

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5
Q

de-esterification

A

break down bonds between fatty acid and glycerol

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6
Q

saturated

A

no double bonds

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7
Q

monounsaturated

A

one double bond

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8
Q

polyunsaturated

A

multiple double bonds

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9
Q

only animal foods have

A

cholestrol

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10
Q

saturated fats found in

A

plants
nuts and seeds
coconut

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11
Q

unsaturated fats

A

omega 6s omega 3s MUFA

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12
Q

digestive lipases in mouth

A

lingual lipase

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13
Q

digestive lipase stomach

A

gastric lipase

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14
Q

digestive lipase SI

A

pancreatic

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15
Q

adipocyte lipases

A

ATGL - adipose triglyceride lipase
HSL - hormone sensitive lipase
MGL - monoglyceride lipase

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16
Q

lipogenesis (esterification) happens in

A

adipocytes
muscle cells = IMTG
all fat is stored as energy

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17
Q

fat depots

A

stored as triglycerides as adipocytes, muscle cells

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18
Q

hormones that stimulate lipolysis

A

cortisol, growth hormone, glucagon

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19
Q

what goes into chylomicron

A

cholestrol, triglycerides, ADEK

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20
Q

lipoprotein

A

transport fat-soluble nutrients to tissues
-as it transfers more fat to tissues, the smaller it gets

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21
Q

LPL

A

lipoprotein lipase - sit on vessel walls

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22
Q

liver (chylomicron)

A

where the chylomicron is broken down and made into VLDL

23
Q

VLDL

A

lipoprotein that is made from smaller pieces of chylomicron that was broken down

24
Q

LDL

A

smaller version of VLDL because it has less fat - the cells have been using LPL to take it
-made in the blood vessel

25
Q

HDL

A

good cholestrol

26
Q

FATP

A

cell surface transporters- get fatty acid into the muscle cell

27
Q

FABP

A

chaperone inside muscle cells to mitochondria

28
Q

CPT

A

transport fatty acids into the mitochondria

29
Q

cholestrol makes

A

hormones - estrogen, testosterone
vitamin D through skin
bile - made from liver
cell membranes

30
Q

anabolism of membranes

A

convert FFA into phospholipids

31
Q

fat used during exercise

A

low intensity
plasma FFA from blood
IMTG

32
Q

catabolic hormones released at beginning of exercise

A

glucagon
growth hormone

33
Q

growth hormone epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulates

A

lipolysis

34
Q

adipocyte lipases order

A

ATGL
HSL
MGL

35
Q

cellular transport of fatty acids to cell membrane

A

FATP

36
Q

mitochondrial membrane transport

A

CPT

37
Q

transport fatty acids in sacroplasm

A

FABP

38
Q

fate of fatty acids in muscle cell during exercise

A

FABP transport
ACS activation of FA
transport into mitochondrai -CPT
B-ox
krebs
etc

39
Q

fat as a fuel MTTATO

A

mobilization - lipolysis - ATGL,HSL,MGL
transport glycerol to liver - to gluconeogenesis
transport to cell membrane - FATP, FABP
activation - ACS, adding CoA to fatty acid
transport into mito - CPTS into mito
oixidation - bioenergetics

40
Q

fat max

A

point of exercise intensity at which you burn the most fat in absolute amounts

41
Q

ketosis

A

metabolic state characterized by elevated ketone levels in blood or urine

42
Q

ketogenesis

A

biochemcial process through which ketones are made via catabolism of fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids

43
Q

ketoacidosis

A

excessive production of ketones leading to acidity of blood, ECF, and ICF

44
Q

prolonged fasting stimulates

A

lipolysis, beta ox and ketogenesis

45
Q

a keto diet is ___ diet

A

about 75% of daily intake is fat

46
Q

insulin is an anabolic hormone and promotes storage of

A

glycogen
triglycerides
muscle protein breakdown

47
Q

glucagon is catabolic hormone and stimulates

A

lipolysis which increases blood FFA and stimulates gluconeogenesis

48
Q

glycerol is a substrate for

A

gluconeogenesis

49
Q

presence of more fat from keto diet

A

higher use of mito pathways causes increase in NAD and ROS
-low glycogen stimulates AMPK

50
Q

benefit of keto diet for athletes

A

more metabolic flexibility
- spares glycogen
- uses fat to meet energy demand rather than CHO

51
Q

disadvantages for athletes doing keto

A

you cant work out at high intensities

52
Q

PDH

A

enzyme that converts pryuvate to acetyl coa in mitochondria
- acetyl coa inhibits PDH

53
Q

EFA recommendations

A

10: 1 ratio of 6s to 3s

54
Q
A

nutrition for physically active (14 decks)

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