digestion Flashcards
need nutrients for
a. cellular level
b. repair - muscle damage, bone repair
c. growth
CHO main function
starches/ sugars
-primary function = energy
fats main function
energy and building things
protein main function
building things and secondary energy source
chemical digestion
HCl (helps with protein digestion) an d enzymes - amylase, sucrase, lactase, maltase, lipases, proteases
vitamins and minerals are absorbed
as is
macronutrients absorbed
monosaccharides, fatty acids, monoglycerides, glycerol, amino acids, cholestrol
macronutrients that cant be absorbed
fiber, starch, triglycerides, polypeptides
ADEK is absorbed into the
lymph
water-soluble nutrients get absorbed into
the blood
mucosal cells absorb
all nutrients
fat uses energy under
low to moderate intensity
protein uses energy when
starving or fasting
CHO are stored as
glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles
fats are stored as
adipocytes and stored as triglyceride
BMR
lowest calories burned to survive under resting conditions
-largest component of TEE
Thermic Effect of PA (TEPA)
eat - exercise, activity, thermogenesis
neat - non exercise activity thermogenesis
thermic effect of food
calories burned to digest, absorb, use or store food
increasing TEPA increases
TEE
increasing TEF increases
TEE
TEF of protein
25% of calories absorbed goes to digesting, absorbing, using, or storing food
TEF CHO
10% of calories
TEF of fat
5% of cals
-least affect on TEE
less uptake of LDL by liver
when LDL are in the blood too long they start to build up plaque
bile is made in the
liver
lower fat
