Lipids Flashcards
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Is lipid hydrophobic or hyfdrophilic
Hydrophobic
Has non polar hydrocarbon
3 main group of lipids
Simple lipids- triglyceride and waxes
Complex lipid- phispholipid, glycolipid
Steroid- cholesterol
Triglyceride consust of
3 fatty acid
1 glycerol
What is fattyacid
Ling hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group
Condensation reaction in lipid form what bond
Ester bond
Difference saturated and unsaturated fat
No double bond has double bond
In animals fats in plant
All C saturated not fully bonded with H
With H
Straight chain chain are bent at double
Bond
Solid (at room) temp liquid (at room temp)
Why unsaturated liquid at room temp
Has double bond so it bend so cannot fit closely together
Why saturated solid
Has single bond so it staright chain so an fit closely together
Significance of saturated fat
Raise total blood cholesterol and LDL which can increase risk of cardiovacular disease
Increase risk of type ii diabetes
Function lipoprotein and two type of it
Carry cholesterol through blood
LDL HDL
LDL - fir bad cholesterol
HDL -for good cholesterol
What LDL and HDL do
LDL add cjolesterol to plaque
HDL remove cholesterol from plaque
What is trans fat
Naturally unsaturated fat tht is hydrogenated (add hydrogen) to the food
Hydrogenation extend shelf life of food and also solidifies it
Effect of transfat
Same effect of saturated ause clogged artery but more worse for heart than saturated fat
Function triglyceride
Main energystorage in animals
Give double energy than polysaccharide
Animal store energy more than plant
more function triglyceride
B.R.I.P
Buoyancy
Reservation of energy
Insulator
Protection as it cushion vital organ
Wat is wax and its property
Longchain fatty acid linked to alcohol or carbon rings
Repel water
Water proofing
Compinent of cuticle in plants and beewax
Phospholipd form major comp of
Plasma membrane
Phospholipd consist of
1 glycerol
2 fatty acid
I phosphate group
1 polar group
Property of phospholipid
Amphipatic
Because have oppsite behviour towards water
Hydrophillic head
Hydrophobic tail
What happen when phospholipid in aquoeus solution
Phospholipd molecules arrange themselve in a way that protects hydrophobic part
Hydrophobic tail inwards
Hydrophilic head outwards
Form bilayer membrane
Function phospholipd
Control fluidity of membrane especially at low temp
What is glycolipid and its function
Lipid with carbs attach by glycosidic bonf
To maintain stability of membrane and acilitate cell recognition
Phospholipd in soap form
Micelle
Liposome is to
Transport drugs
Characteristic steroid
No fatty acid
Has backbone of 4 C rings fuse together with diff functional group
Ex. Cholesterol
Function cholesterol
Synthesis steroid hormone (estrogen, testosterone) bile salt and vitamin D
Comp of plasma membrane
Signaling molecule which activate steroid hormone receptors
