Lipids

Question 1

Is lipid hydrophobic or hyfdrophilic

Answer 1

Hydrophobic

Has non polar hydrocarbon

Question 2

3 main group of lipids

Answer 2

Simple lipids- triglyceride and waxes
Complex lipid- phispholipid, glycolipid
Steroid- cholesterol

Question 3

Triglyceride consust of

Answer 3

3 fatty acid

1 glycerol

Question 4

What is fattyacid

Answer 4

Ling hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group

Question 5

Condensation reaction in lipid form what bond

Answer 5

Ester bond

Question 6

Difference saturated and unsaturated fat

Answer 6

No double bond has double bond
In animals fats in plant
All C saturated not fully bonded with H
With H
Straight chain chain are bent at double
Bond
Solid (at room) temp liquid (at room temp)

Question 7

Why unsaturated liquid at room temp

Answer 7

Has double bond so it bend so cannot fit closely together

Question 8

Why saturated solid

Answer 8

Has single bond so it staright chain so an fit closely together

Question 9

Significance of saturated fat

Answer 9

Raise total blood cholesterol and LDL which can increase risk of cardiovacular disease

Increase risk of type ii diabetes

Question 10

Function lipoprotein and two type of it

Answer 10

Carry cholesterol through blood
LDL HDL

LDL - fir bad cholesterol
HDL -for good cholesterol

Question 11

What LDL and HDL do

Answer 11

LDL add cjolesterol to plaque

HDL remove cholesterol from plaque

Question 12

What is trans fat

Answer 12

Naturally unsaturated fat tht is hydrogenated (add hydrogen) to the food

Hydrogenation extend shelf life of food and also solidifies it

Question 13

Effect of transfat

Answer 13

Same effect of saturated ause clogged artery but more worse for heart than saturated fat

Question 14

Function triglyceride

Answer 14

Main energystorage in animals
Give double energy than polysaccharide

Animal store energy more than plant

Question 15

more function triglyceride

Answer 15

B.R.I.P

Buoyancy
Reservation of energy
Insulator
Protection as it cushion vital organ

Question 16

Wat is wax and its property

Answer 16

Longchain fatty acid linked to alcohol or carbon rings

Repel water

Water proofing

Compinent of cuticle in plants and beewax

Question 17

Phospholipd form major comp of

Answer 17

Plasma membrane

Question 18

Phospholipd consist of

Answer 18

1 glycerol
2 fatty acid
I phosphate group
1 polar group

Question 19

Property of phospholipid

Answer 19

Amphipatic

Because have oppsite behviour towards water
Hydrophillic head
Hydrophobic tail

Question 20

What happen when phospholipid in aquoeus solution

Answer 20

Phospholipd molecules arrange themselve in a way that protects hydrophobic part

Hydrophobic tail inwards
Hydrophilic head outwards

Form bilayer membrane

Question 21

Function phospholipd

Answer 21

Control fluidity of membrane especially at low temp

Question 22

What is glycolipid and its function

Answer 22

Lipid with carbs attach by glycosidic bonf

To maintain stability of membrane and acilitate cell recognition

Question 23

Phospholipd in soap form

Answer 23

Micelle

Question 24

Liposome is to

Answer 24

Transport drugs

Question 25

Characteristic steroid

Answer 25

No fatty acid
Has backbone of 4 C rings fuse together with diff functional group

Ex. Cholesterol

Question 26

Function cholesterol

Answer 26

Synthesis steroid hormone (estrogen, testosterone) bile salt and vitamin D

Comp of plasma membrane

Signaling molecule which activate steroid hormone receptors