Lipid Metabolism And Transport Flashcards
What are ketone bodies?
Hydroxy-methy-glutamic acid derivatives
How are fatty acids transported in the blood?
Attached to albumin
How are triacylglycerol (TAG) transported in the blood?
In lipoproteins- which allows them to be targeted to the peripheral tissues that need them
Where are TAG - triacylglycerols produced?
Liver
What are lipoproteins?
A sphere of phospholipids used to transport lipids in the bloodstream they have proteins attached on the outside or in he centre called apolipoproteins
What are apoliopoproteins?
The peripheral and integral proteins on lipoproteins. They can have structural (packaging) or functional roles
What are chylimicrons?
Lipoproteins that transport dietary TAG from the intestine to the liver
What is amphipathic?
A mix of hydrophobic and hydrophillic
What is the cartinine shuttle?
A transporter that crosses the double membrane of the mitochondria.
In involves the asssociation and dissociation of fatty acid with CoA and cartinine meaning the fatty acid can be carried across the two membranes.
How many carbons are lose in each cycle of beta oxidation?
A 2 carbon molecule is liberated from the fatty acid so it gets 2C shorter each time.
This molecule goes onto become acetyl CoA which is used in the Krebs cycle
Why are fatty acids more reduced?
They release ore molecules of ATP per carbon than carbohydrates during respiration
Why doesn’t the metabolism of lipids not occur in the brain or in the rd blood cells?
They cannot cross the blood brain barrier
No mitochondria
How is glycerol metabolised?
Glycerol - glycerol phosphate - DHAP - glycolysis
Glycerol - glycerol phosphate - triacylglycerol synthesis
What are the three types of ketone bodies?
Acetoacetate
Acetate
Beta- hydroxybutarate
What does the brain use as a source of energy in starvation ?
Ketone bodies as they can cross the blood brain barrier
