Lipid lowering agents

Question 1

Statins MA

Answer 1

Inhibit conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate (a cholesterol precursor)
Increases LDL recycling

Question 2

Statins AE

Answer 2

Hepatotoxicity

Myopathy

Question 3

Bile acid resins drugs

Answer 3

Colestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

Question 4

Bile acid resins MA

Answer 4

Prevent intestinal RA of bile acids = liver must use cholesterol to make more

Question 5

Bile acid resins AE

Answer 5

GI upset

Decrease absorption of vitamins or other drugs

Question 6

Ezetimibe MA

Answer 6

Prevents cholesterol absorption at small intestine brush border

Question 7

Fibrates drugs

Answer 7

Gemfibrozil
Bezafibrate
Fenofibrate

Question 8

Fibrates MA

Answer 8

Upregulate LPL = increases TG clearance

Activates PPAR-gamma to induce HDL synthesis

Question 9

Niacin

Answer 9

Inhibits lipolysis (hormone sensitive lipase) in adipose tissue
Reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis

Question 10

Fibrates AE

Answer 10

Myopathy
Cholesterol gallstones (via inhibition of cholesterol 7∂-hydroxylase)

Question 11

Niacin AE

Answer 11

Flushed face
Hyperglycemia
Hyperurecemia

Question 12

PCSK9 inhibitors drugs

Answer 12

Alirocumab

Evolocumab

Question 13

PCSK9 inhibitors MA

Answer 13

Inactivation of LDL receptor degradation –> increases removal of LDL from bloodstream

Question 14

PCSK9 inhibitors AE

Answer 14

Myalgias
Delirium
Other neurocognitive defects

Question 15

Fish oil/Omega 3

Answer 15

Decrease FFA delivery to liver and decrease activity of TG-synthetizing enzymes