Limbs Overview

Question 1

Where does upper limbs and pectoral girdle attach to axial skeleton

Answer 1

Acromioclavicular joint

Question 2

Dermatome is

Answer 2

Strip of skin supplied by 1 spinal nerve

Question 3

Myatome is

Answer 3

Muscle or group of muscles supplied by 1 spinal nerve

Question 4

Rotation of lower limbs in what direction in utero

Answer 4

Medially rotates

Question 5

Tip to remember dermatomes. What are the dermatomes

Answer 5

6 gun

Question 6

Tip for remembering lower limb dermatomes

Answer 6

Stand on S1
Squat on S2
Stand on S3

What are the dermatomes

Question 7

What type of fascia forms interosseous membranes

Answer 7

Deep fascia

Question 8

Deep fascia in lower leg

Answer 8

Fascia lata of thigh continuous to crural fascia of lower leg

Fascia lata thickens laterally as the iliotibial tract where muscles can insert

Question 9

What’s the job of the medial muscular compartment - septae divide upper lower limb into 3 compartments

Answer 9

To adduct the hip

Question 10

UL fascia

Answer 10

Deep fascia forms continuous sleeve from deltoid to brachial to antebrachial

Antebrachial fascia fuses with ulna and forms interosseous membrane separating anterior flexor and posterior extensor compartments

Question 11

What fascia forms interosseous membrane of the LL

Answer 11

LL crural fascia fuses with tibia and forms IO membrane between tibia and tibia as well as separating lower leg into 4 compartments

Question 12

What does anterior LL compartment do

Answer 12

Dorsiflexion / extension

Question 13

What does posterior Compartment of LL do

Answer 13

Plantarflexion

Question 14

What do muscles in lateral compartment of LL do

Answer 14

Eversion turn sole outwards

Question 15

Where does LL lumbo-sacral plexus form

Answer 15

Psoas major on posterior abdominal wall and lateral wall of pelvis

Derived from ventral rami of L1 -L5 and S1-S3

Question 16

Branches of the LL lumbo-sacral plexus

Answer 16

Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic - tibial (medial and lateral plantar) and - Common fibular (deep and superficial fubular)

Medial and lateral plantar nerves same as median and ulnar nerves in hand

Question 17

Arteries of upper limb

Answer 17

Subclavian under clavicle
To axillary at armpit
To brachial running along humerus
To radial and ulnar post elbow joint
To deep and superficial palmar arches

Question 18

Arteries in leg

Answer 18

Femoral deep and superficial at femur
To popliteal which passes through knee joint at back of leg
To tibial posterior (and anterior)
To plantar arcade

This is posterior

Question 19

Superficial veins in arm where are they located

Answer 19

I’m superficial subcutaneous fascia with perforated to the deep system

Question 20

Superficial veins of upper limb

Answer 20

Cephalic on anterior thumb side
Basilic on anterior pinky side
Joined by median cubital vein in elbow crease

They form dorsal and palmar venous networks

Question 21

LL venae comitatnes

Answer 21

Converge to form popliteal vein which continues as femoral then external iliac to common iliac and IVC

Question 22

Where are lower limb arteries situated

Answer 22

Deep within muscle compartments

Question 23

Superficial venous system of lower leg

Answer 23

Great (long) saphenous vein on inside of leg

Small (short) saphenous vein on back of leg

Question 24

Venous flow in the leg is

Answer 24

Superficial to deep via perforators then muscle pump, arterial pulsation and negative intrathoracic pressure all help venous return to heart against gravity

Question 25

What receives all the lymph from upper limbs

Answer 25

Axillary lymph nodes

Question 26

To where do axillary lymph nodes drain

Answer 26

To the subclavian lymph trunk