Limbs Overview Flashcards
Where does upper limbs and pectoral girdle attach to axial skeleton
Acromioclavicular joint
Dermatome is
Strip of skin supplied by 1 spinal nerve
Myatome is
Muscle or group of muscles supplied by 1 spinal nerve
Rotation of lower limbs in what direction in utero
Medially rotates
Tip to remember dermatomes. What are the dermatomes
6 gun
Tip for remembering lower limb dermatomes
Stand on S1
Squat on S2
Stand on S3
What are the dermatomes
What type of fascia forms interosseous membranes
Deep fascia
Deep fascia in lower leg
Fascia lata of thigh continuous to crural fascia of lower leg
Fascia lata thickens laterally as the iliotibial tract where muscles can insert
What’s the job of the medial muscular compartment - septae divide upper lower limb into 3 compartments
To adduct the hip
UL fascia
Deep fascia forms continuous sleeve from deltoid to brachial to antebrachial
Antebrachial fascia fuses with ulna and forms interosseous membrane separating anterior flexor and posterior extensor compartments
What fascia forms interosseous membrane of the LL
LL crural fascia fuses with tibia and forms IO membrane between tibia and tibia as well as separating lower leg into 4 compartments
What does anterior LL compartment do
Dorsiflexion / extension
What does posterior Compartment of LL do
Plantarflexion
What do muscles in lateral compartment of LL do
Eversion turn sole outwards
Where does LL lumbo-sacral plexus form
Psoas major on posterior abdominal wall and lateral wall of pelvis
Derived from ventral rami of L1 -L5 and S1-S3
Branches of the LL lumbo-sacral plexus
Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic - tibial (medial and lateral plantar) and - Common fibular (deep and superficial fubular)
Medial and lateral plantar nerves same as median and ulnar nerves in hand
Arteries of upper limb
Subclavian under clavicle To axillary at armpit To brachial running along humerus To radial and ulnar post elbow joint To deep and superficial palmar arches
Arteries in leg
Femoral deep and superficial at femur
To popliteal which passes through knee joint at back of leg
To tibial posterior (and anterior)
To plantar arcade
This is posterior
Superficial veins in arm where are they located
I’m superficial subcutaneous fascia with perforated to the deep system
Superficial veins of upper limb
Cephalic on anterior thumb side
Basilic on anterior pinky side
Joined by median cubital vein in elbow crease
They form dorsal and palmar venous networks
LL venae comitatnes
Converge to form popliteal vein which continues as femoral then external iliac to common iliac and IVC
Where are lower limb arteries situated
Deep within muscle compartments
Superficial venous system of lower leg
Great (long) saphenous vein on inside of leg
Small (short) saphenous vein on back of leg
Venous flow in the leg is
Superficial to deep via perforators then muscle pump, arterial pulsation and negative intrathoracic pressure all help venous return to heart against gravity
What receives all the lymph from upper limbs
Axillary lymph nodes
To where do axillary lymph nodes drain
To the subclavian lymph trunk
