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MD2002 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

HIV family and genesis

A

Family retroviridae

Lentivirus

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2
Q

HIV features

A

Spherical 80-100
Envelopes
RNA genome
Retrovirus - reverse transcriptase to make DNA copy from viral DNA

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3
Q

Progression to aids

A 
Exposure hiv
Seroconversion
Asymptomatic
Pestistsnt lymphadenopathy
Aids related clinical features
Aids
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4
Q

Viral rna copy number

A

Viral load in blood

<1500 13% in 9 years

> 55000 93% in 9 years develop aids

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5
Q

Treatment of hiv

A

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIS)

Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIS)

Protease inhibitors (PI)

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6
Q

What’s highly active anti retrovrial therapy HAART

A

Combination

1 NRTI 1 PI
2 NTRIS 1 NNRTI

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7
Q

Diagnosis of hiv

A

HIV specific antibodies Elisa or western blotting

NAAT detects viral rna

Quantitative NAAT measures viral load

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8
Q

HBV feature hepatitis b

A

Hepadnavirus
Double stranded DNA genome
Enveloped

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9
Q

Hepatitis b antigens

A

HBsAg surface antigen indicates infection

HBcAg core antigen appears early in infection

HBeAg pre core antigen indicated high transmission

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10
Q

Stages of hepatitis b infection

A

Incubation long 6 months
Acute hepatitis
Fulminant disease 1-2 mortality
50% chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

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11
Q

Clinical stages of hepatitis

A

Preicteric

Malaise, anorexia, nausea, pain in right upper quadrant tender liver

Icteric stage

Jaundice
Dark urine (bilirubin)
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12
Q

Yellow skin caused by

A

Hyperbolirubemia

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13
Q

Treatment of hep b

A

Peglysted interferon peginterferon

Antiviral activity of nurcloside analgouds - oral lamivudine

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14
Q

Prevention of hep b

A

HBsAg vaccine

HBV jmmunoglobulin

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15
Q

Hep c features

A 
Clavicles 
Single stranded genome
Enveloped
Replicate in hepatocytes
Destroys liver cells
Virus ca. Be cultured
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16
Q

Clinical feared of hep c

A

Asymptomatic
Nausea fatigue weight loss rarely progrsssors to cirrhosis
Hepatocellukar carcinoma

17
Q

Hep c treatment

A

Ribavirin and Pegylated alpha- interferon

Sofosbuvir (nucleotide analogue)

18
Q

Screening for hep c

A

NAAT performed on bloods samples

19
Q

Causes of malaria

A 
P falciparum
P vivax
P ovale
P malariae
P knowlesi

Anopheles mosquito

Zoonotic disease

20
Q

Clinical features

A

Fever
Flu
Falciparum - death quickly as affects every organ
Wide range complications such as ceberal malaria, circulatory shock and hepatitis

21
Q

Blood diagnosis for malaria

A

3 blood films both thick and thin

NAAT - useful for destructing drug resistance

22
Q

Treatments for malaria

A

Chemotherapy kills blood stages
Resistance so changed regularly

Quinine 
Chloroquine
Doxycyclin
Proguanil
Malarone
Art emerged

MD2002 (22 decks)

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