Blood Supply Of Limbs Flashcards
Branches of arch of aorta
Brachioencepahlic trunk > right carotid and right sublavain (going to arm)
Left common carotidleft subclavian
What 3 arteries arise from subclavian to upper limbs
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk
Suprascpaular
Subclavian artery down arm
Subclavian become axillar afnouter border of 1st rib
Axillary becomes brachial at distal border to teres major muscle
Axillary artery divided into 3 parts by pectoralis major muscle - proximal posterior of distal
Proximal to pectoralis minor
Superior thoracic (anterior wall thorax)
Behind pectoralis major
Thoracoacromial (anterior wall axilla) Lateral thoracic (breast and anterior wall of thoracic
Distal axillary artery branches to pectoralis minor and why they supply
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral
Subscapular which branchssnintk thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular
Supply posterior wall of axilla
Brachial artery starts ends
Begins at lower border of teres major and ends in cubital fossa
Lying anterior to triceps and brachialis
Brachial artery divides into
Radial and ulnar artery
Main branches are profunda brachii and collateral branches
Superior ulnar collateral artery anastomoses with
Posterior ulnar recurrent artery
Inferior ulnar collateral artery anastomoses with
Anterior ulnar recurrent artery
Cubital fossa roof muscles floor lateral and medial borders
Roof - brachial and antebrachial fascia, bicipital aponeurosis, subcutaneous tissue skin
Floor - brachialis and supinator muscles
Laterally - brachioradialis
Medially - pronator teres
Superiorly - line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles
Cubital fosss basics
Roof - bicipital aponeurosis Superior - line between epicndyles Medial - pronator teres Lateral - brachioradialis Floor - brachialis and supinator
Where does brachial artery terminate
As ulnar and radial arteries near neck of radius
Superior ulnar collateral artery Anastamoses with
Posterior ulnar recurrent artery
Inferior ulnar collateral artery joins with
Anterior ulnar recurrent artery
Radial collateral artery anastomoses with
Radial recurrent artery
Common anterior and posterior interosseous arteries are branches of
Ulnar artery
What does posterior interosseous supply
Middle 1/3 of posterior compartments of forearm (FA extensors)
What supplies medial forearm
Unnamed branches of ulnar (deep fa flexors and pronators)
Superficial palmar arch is terminal branch of what
Ulnar artery
Anterior interosseous
Travels along anterior IM piercing near proximal pronator quadratus
The deep palmar arch is a branch of
Radial artery
Blood supply to superficial untermiedate and deep forearm
Superficial radial
Intermediate radial and ulnar
Deep ulnar only
Where does ulnar artery enter hand
Anterior to flexor retinaculum between pisiform and hamate lateral to ulnar nerve
Ulnar artery terminates in hand as
Superficial palmar arch
Deep palmar branch
What does superficial palmar arch supply
Common palmar digital arteries which branch into proper palmar digital arteries and anastomoses with palmar metacarpal arteries
Radial artery terminate as
Deep palmar arch
Supplies palmar metacarpal arteries princeps policis artery and radial indices artery
Superficial palmar arch is anastomsosis betwen
Continuation of ulnar artery
Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
Venous drainage of upper limbs
Cephalic thumb
Basilic
Median cubital
Median vein
Pulses can be felt
Brachial artery in mid shift of humerus
Median cubital vein in cubital fossa
Radial artery on wrist
Venipunctuee
Cubital fossa
Median cubital vein
Cephalic and basilic also used
Major arterial supply to lower limb and consequence
Femoral artery
Risk of arteriosclerosis
Abdominal aorta terminates into
Left and right common iliac arteries - each gives rise to external and internal iliac arteries
External iliac artery branches into
Femoral artery and profunda femoris artery which supply hip joints, thighs, legs and feet
Internal iliac artery branches into
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries
And internal pudenal artery
What do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries supply
Enter via greater sciatic foramen
Supply buttocks and take part in anastomoses around the hip
Femoral artery branches
Common femoral
Superficial femoral
Profunda femoris
Anterior tibial
Dorsalis pedis
Posterior popliteal
Tibial
Fibular
Medial and lateral plantaris
When does femoral artery enter femoral triangle
Under inguinal ligament at mid inguinal point
Femoral triangle contains
Femoral nerve artery and vein
Femoral triangle boundaries
Inguinal ligament at base
Sartorius muscle laterally
Adductor longus muscle medially
Femoral nerve lateral
Femoral artery middle
Femoral vein medial
Femoral sheath encloses femoral artery and vein not nerve
What is the adductors canal
Area in thigh distal to femoral triangle and deep to sartorius where neurovascular bundle traverses middle 1/3 of thigh.
Groove between vastus medialis and initially adductor longus then Magnus and overlain by fascia and sartorius
Femoral artery continues as
Superficial femoral and also gives the superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac and deep superficial external pudendals
What does femoral artery pass through
Adductor hiatus under adductor Magnus muscle
(Therefore is deepest structure in popliteal fossa)
Only femoral artery and vein pass through hiatus to enter popliteal fossa
Obturator supplies
Acetabulum
Hip adductors
Knee
Skin of medial thigh
Anastomoses with branches from profunda femoris
Passes through obturator canal to divide into anterior and posterior branches that runs either side of the adductor brevis
Supply to femoral head
Derived from circumflex femoral (profunda femoris) and obturator arteries
Retinacular vessels over head and blood supply to femoral head compromised if fracture of femoral head
Popliteal artery ends as
Posterior and anterior tibial arteries
Popliteal artery gives rise to
5 genicular branches that anastomoses with themselves
Popliteal branches supply
Hamstring
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris muscles
What’s an aneurysm
Can form at popliteal and may be compromised in dislocation of knee and fractures below femur
What artery supplies anterior compartment muscles of leg
Dorsiflexiors
Anterior tibial artery
What supplies muscles of posterior compartment of leg (plantar flexors)
Posterior tibial artery
Gives off fibular
Circumflex fibular
Nutrient arteries
What supplies the dorsum of foot with blood
Dorsalis pedis
Branches are lateral tarsal
Deep plantar
Arcuate
1st dorsal metatarsal
Give rise to dorsal digital arteries of the phalanges
What supplies sole of foot
Medial and lateral plantar arteries
Along with branches
Superficial and deep plantar arches
Which give rise to the plantar digital arteries of phalanges
Where is dorsalis pedis pulse taken
Between EDL and EHL tendons
Where do superficial veins arise from
Ascend in subcutaneous tissue originating from dorsal venous arch of foot and dorsal veins of foot
Great saphenous vein
Enters fascia lata to join femoral vein
Small saphenous vein
Penetrates deep fascia of leg between the heads of gastrocnemius muscle and merges to form
Popliteal vein
What happens if venous drainage flows backwards
Leads t varicose veins
Deep veins
Ascend internal to deep fascia of lower limb
Communicate with superficial veins via perforating veins
Most occur as paired veins travelling with arteries of same name within vasucular sheathes with artery
Femoral vein received drainage from
Profunda femoris
Great saphenous vein
Venous flow direction
Superficial to deep via perforators, then muscle pump
Arterial pulsation and negative interthoracic pressure all help venous return against gravity
