Limbs Flashcards
Regions of the Thoracic Limb
shoulder- scapula
brachium- humerus
antebrachium- radius and ulna
manus- carpal, metacarpal, phalanges, proximal sesamoid bones
Manus
3 regions: carpus, metacarpus, digits
Carpus
8 bones
proximal row has radial, intermediate, ulnar, and accessory carpal bones
distal row has 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th carpal bones
dogs and cats have one intermedioradial bone
Metacarpus
5 metacarpal bones
Digits
proximal, middle, and distal phalanges
Which digits are weight bearing?
2-5
Sesamoid Bones
proximal sesamoid bones and sesamoid of the abductor pollicis longus m.
At metacarpal phalangeal joint
Axis of the thoracic limb
passes down center of limb between digits 3 and 4
Axial
towards axis
Abaxis
away from axis
Regions of the Pelvic Limb
Hip- os coxa
Thigh- femur
Crus- tibia and fibula
Pes- tarsal and metatarsal, phalanges, proximal sesamoid bones
Os Coxa
4 fused bones (ilium, ischium, pubis, acetubular bone)
Pelvic Girdle
fused pair of os cozae
Pes
tarsus, metatarsus, and digits
Consists of talus, calcaneus, central, 1,2,3,4
Humeral Joint
between glenoid cavity of scapula and humeral head
Cubital Joint
elbow (between, humerus, radius, and ulna
Radioulnar Joints
between radius and ulna
Antebrachiocarpal Joint
between proximal row of carpal bones and the radius and ulna. 90% of range of motion
Middle Carpal Joint
collection of intercarpal joints; collective joint between proximal and distal carpal bones; rest of range of motion
Carpometacarpal Joints
between carpal and metacarpal bones; will have numbers
Metacarpophalangeal Joints
between metacarpal and proximal phalanges
Proximal Interphalangeal Joints
between proximal and middle phalanges
Distal Interphalangeal Joints
between middle and distal phalanges
Sacroiliac Joint
articulation between the sacrum and ilium; fibrocartilagenous joint (joint for stability)
Coxal Joint
between os coxa and head of femur
Genual Joint
stifle; between femur, tibia, and patella
Tibiofibular Joints
side to side between tibia and fibula
Tarsal Joints
tarsal bones with each other and adjacent bones
Tarsocrural Joint
between tibia, fibula, and talus. All motion
Intertarsal Joint
side to side and end to end articulations between tarsal bones
Talocalcaneal Joint
intertarsal joint between talus and calcaneus
Talocalcaneocentral Joint
between talus, calcaneus, and central tarsal. Cant move
Calcaneoquartal Joint
between calcaneus and 4th tarsal joint
Centrodistal Joint
between central distal and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tarsals
Extrinsic Muscle
one attachment on the body and one on the limb
Intrinsic Muscle
both attachments on the limb
Which muscles act as lateral collateral ligaments of the shoulder?
infraspinatus and supraspinatus
Which muscles act as medial collateral ligaments of the shoulder?
subscapularis and coracobrachialis
What joints have collateral ligaments?
Every synovial joint except coxal joint and humeral joint.
Joints with intracapsular ligaments
coxal joint, cubital joint, genual joint, carpal joints, tarsal joints
What muscles do you have to cut to remove the thoracic limb?
brachiocephalicus
- serratus ventralis - superficial pectoral - deep pectoral - omotransversarius - trapezius - rhomboideus - latissmus dorsi
