Body Cavities Flashcards
What lines the mesoderm?
simple squamous epithelium (technically mesothelium)
Components of the Diaphragm
septum transversum, 2 pleuroperitoneal folds
Cavities in the Thoracic Cavity
2 pleural cavities
1 pericardial cavity
Pleura
in front of diaphragm
Peritoneum
behind diaphragm
Found in Mesothelium
serous fluid, sloughed mesothelial cells, ova
Surgeon’s Pericardial Sac
pericardial mediastinal pleura, fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium
Components of the Pericadrium
visceral pericardium- right on heart
parietal pericardium- stick to pericardial mediastinal pleura
What is the other name for the visceral pericardium?
epicardium
Divisions of the Parietal Pleura
- costal pleura (against ribs)
- mediastinal pleura (in midline)
- Pericardial mediastinal pleura (against heart)
- diaphragmatic pleura
Pulmonary Ligament
caudal to the branches of the pulmonary pleura. Reflects medially and becomes adhered to the mediastinal pleura and strengthened by interposed endothoracic fascia.
Plica Vena Cava
fold of mediastinal pleura passing to the caudal vena cava
Line of Pleural Reflection
along the horizontal parts of the 8th and 9th costal cartilages, across the 10th and 11th costal cartilages at the costochondral junction, across the middle of the last rib passing medially to the 2nd lumbar transverse process. (line of diaphragmatic attachment)
Epaxial
dorsal to transverse processes of vertebrae
Hypaxial
ventral to transverse processes of vertebrae
What are the Epaxial Muscles
transversospinalis muscle system
longissimus muscle system
iliocostalis muscle system
What is the action of the epaxial mm?
extend vertebral column or flex it laterally
Transversospinalis Muscle System
closes to midline (touching the spinous process of vertebrae). Extends from skull to ilium
Longissimus Muscle System
from skull to ilium
Iliocostalis Muscle System
from first rib to ilium, most lateral
Muscles of Respiration
scalenus, serratus dorsalis cranialis, external intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles, serratus dorsalis caudalis
Muscles of Inspiration
scalenus, serratus dorsalis cranialis, external intercostal muscles
Muscles of Expiration
internal intercostal muscles, serratus dorsalis caudalis
Scalenus
attached to transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and first few ribs; pull first few ribs cranially
