Body Cavities

Question 1

What lines the mesoderm?

Answer 1

simple squamous epithelium (technically mesothelium)

Question 2

Components of the Diaphragm

Answer 2

septum transversum, 2 pleuroperitoneal folds

Question 3

Cavities in the Thoracic Cavity

Answer 3

2 pleural cavities

1 pericardial cavity

Question 4

Pleura

Answer 4

in front of diaphragm

Question 5

Peritoneum

Answer 5

behind diaphragm

Question 6

Found in Mesothelium

Answer 6

serous fluid, sloughed mesothelial cells, ova

Question 7

Surgeon’s Pericardial Sac

Answer 7

pericardial mediastinal pleura, fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium

Question 8

Components of the Pericadrium

Answer 8

visceral pericardium- right on heart

parietal pericardium- stick to pericardial mediastinal pleura

Question 9

What is the other name for the visceral pericardium?

Answer 9

epicardium

Question 10

Divisions of the Parietal Pleura

Answer 10

1. costal pleura (against ribs)
2. mediastinal pleura (in midline)
3. Pericardial mediastinal pleura (against heart)
4. diaphragmatic pleura

Question 11

Pulmonary Ligament

Answer 11

caudal to the branches of the pulmonary pleura. Reflects medially and becomes adhered to the mediastinal pleura and strengthened by interposed endothoracic fascia.

Question 12

Plica Vena Cava

Answer 12

fold of mediastinal pleura passing to the caudal vena cava

Question 13

Line of Pleural Reflection

Answer 13

along the horizontal parts of the 8th and 9th costal cartilages, across the 10th and 11th costal cartilages at the costochondral junction, across the middle of the last rib passing medially to the 2nd lumbar transverse process. (line of diaphragmatic attachment)

Question 14

Epaxial

Answer 14

dorsal to transverse processes of vertebrae

Question 15

Hypaxial

Answer 15

ventral to transverse processes of vertebrae

Question 16

What are the Epaxial Muscles

Answer 16

transversospinalis muscle system
longissimus muscle system
iliocostalis muscle system

Question 17

What is the action of the epaxial mm?

Answer 17

extend vertebral column or flex it laterally

Question 18

Transversospinalis Muscle System

Answer 18

closes to midline (touching the spinous process of vertebrae). Extends from skull to ilium

Question 19

Longissimus Muscle System

Answer 19

from skull to ilium

Question 20

Iliocostalis Muscle System

Answer 20

from first rib to ilium, most lateral

Question 21

Muscles of Respiration

Answer 21

scalenus, serratus dorsalis cranialis, external intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles, serratus dorsalis caudalis

Question 22

Muscles of Inspiration

Answer 22

scalenus, serratus dorsalis cranialis, external intercostal muscles

Question 23

Muscles of Expiration

Answer 23

internal intercostal muscles, serratus dorsalis caudalis

Question 24

Scalenus

Answer 24

attached to transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and first few ribs; pull first few ribs cranially

Question 25

Serratus Dorsalis Cranialis

Answer 25

attached from dorsal raphe to proximal aspects of ribs 1-10; pull ribs cranially and dorsally

Question 26

External Intercostal Muscles

Answer 26

run between adjacent ribs caudal-ventral

Question 27

Internal Intercostal Muscles

Answer 27

run between adjacent ribs cranioventrally

Question 28

Serratus Dorsalis Caudalis

Answer 28

attached from dorsal raphe to proximal aspect of ribs 10-13. Angled caudally. Pull ribs caudally

Question 29

Pulmonary Ligament

Answer 29

caudal to the bronchus of the pulmonary pleura. Reflects medially and becomes adhered to the mediastinal pleura and strengthened by interposed endothoracic fascia.

Question 30

Plica Vena Cava

Answer 30

fold of mediastinal pleura passing to the caudal vena cava

Question 31

Line of Pleural Reflection

Answer 31

along horizontal parts of 8th and 9th costal cartilages, across 10th and 11th costal cartilages at the costochondral junction, across the middle of the last rib and passing medially to the 2nd lumbar transverse process

Question 32

What should the line of pleural reflection really be called?

Answer 32

line of diaphragmatic attachment