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Anatomy > Hindlimb Muscles > Flashcards

Hindlimb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps Femoris Origin

A

ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament

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2
Q

Biceps Femoris Terminationq

A

patella, tibia, and tuber calcanei

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3
Q

Biceps Femoris Action

A

extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint

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4
Q

Semitendinosus Origin

A

ischiatic tuberosity

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5
Q

Semitendinosus Termination

A

tibia and tuber calcanei

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6
Q

Semitendinosus Action

A

extend the coxal joint, variable action of the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint

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7
Q

Caudal Muscles of the Thigh

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

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8
Q

Medial Muscles of the Thigh

A

sartorius, gracilis, pectineus, adductor

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9
Q

Sartorius Origin

A

crest of ilium

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10
Q

Sartorius Termination

A

medial aspect of the genual region

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11
Q

Sartorius Action

A

flex the coxal joint, extend or flex the genual joint

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12
Q

Gracilis Origin

A

pelvic symphysis

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13
Q

Gracilis Termination

A

medial aspect of the genual region and tuber calcanei

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14
Q

Gracilis Action

A

adduct the limb, extend the coxal joint, flex the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint

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15
Q

Pectineus Origin

A

iliopubic eminence

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16
Q

Pectineus Termination

A

distal body of femur

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17
Q

Pectineus Action

A

adduct the limb

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18
Q

Adductor Origin

A

ventral surface of os coxae

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19
Q

Adductor Termination

A

caudal surface of femur

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20
Q

Adductor Action

A

adduct limb and extend coxal joint

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21
Q

Lateral Muscles of the Pelvis

A

Tensor fasciae latae, superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, piriformis, deep gluteal, articularis coxa

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22
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae Origin

A

tuber coxae

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23
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Termination

A

fascia lata

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24
Q

Tensor Fasciae Lattae Action

A

tense the fascia

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25
Q

Superficial Gluteal Origin

A

sacrotuberous ligament

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26
Q

Superficial Gluteal Action

A

abduct the limb

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27
Q

Middle Gluteal Origin

A

gluteal surface of the ilium

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28
Q

Middle Gluteal Termination

A

greater trochanter of the femur

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29
Q

Middle Gluteal Action

A

extend the coxal joint, abduct the limb

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30
Q

Piriformis Origin

A

sacrum and first caudal vertebra

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31
Q

Piriformis Termination

A

greater trochanter

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32
Q

Piriformis Action

A

extend the coxal join, abduct the limb

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33
Q

Deep Gluteal Origin

A

body of ilium and ischiatic spine

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34
Q

Deep Gluteal Termination

A

greater trochanter

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35
Q

Deep Gluteal Action

A

extend the coxal joint

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36
Q

Articularis Coxa

A

surgical landmark to lateral approach to coxal joint

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37
Q

Caudal Hip Muscles

A

external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris

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38
Q

Internal Obturator Origin

A

dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen

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39
Q

Internal Obturator Termination

A

trochanteric fossa

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40
Q

Internal Obturator Action

A

rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

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41
Q

Quadratus Femoris Origin

A

ventral aspect of the ischium

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42
Q

Quadratus Femoris Termination

A

caudal femur near the trochanteric fossa

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43
Q

Quadratus Femoris Action

A

extend coxal joint, adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

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44
Q

External Obturator Origin

A

ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen

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45
Q

External Obturator Termination

A

trochanteric fossa

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46
Q

External Obturator Action

A

adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

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47
Q

Cranial Muscles of the Thigh

A

quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas,

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48
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Origin

A

rectus femoris- ilium

all other head- proximal femur

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49
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Termination

A

tibial tuberosity

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50
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Action

A

flex the coxal joint

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51
Q

Iliopsoas Origin

A

ilium and lumbar vertebrae

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52
Q

Iliopsoas Termination

A

lesser trochanter

53
Q

Iliopsoas Action

A

flex the coxal joint

54
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin

A

tuber coxae

55
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Termination

A

fascia lata

56
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Action

A

tense the fascia lata

57
Q

Semimembranosus Origin

A

ischiatic tuberosity

58
Q

Semimembranosus Termination

A

distal femur and proximal tibia

59
Q

Semimembranosus Action

A

extend coxal joint, extend or flex genual joint

60
Q

What is the agonist of the Biceps Femoris?

A

semitendinosus

61
Q

What is the agonist of the semitendinosus?

A

biceps femoris

62
Q

What muscles is the semimembranosus a partial agonist of?

A

biceps femoris and semitendinosus

63
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

caudal belly of the sartorius and pectineus

64
Q

Cranial Muscles of the Thigh

A

quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas

65
Q

Craniolateral Muscles of Crus

A

cranial tibial, long digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, fibularis longus

66
Q

Cranial Tibial Origin

A

lateral aspect of proximal tibia

67
Q

Cranial Tibial Termination

A

plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2

68
Q

Cranial Tibial Action

A

flex the tarsocrural joint

69
Q

Long Digital Extensor Origin

A

extensor fossa of femur

70
Q

Long Digital Extensor Termination

A

extensor processes of distal phalanges

71
Q

Long Digital Extensor Action

A

extend genual joint, flex the tarsocrural joint, extend the digital joints

72
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor Origin

A

proximal aspect of fibula

73
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor Termination

A

lateral digits

74
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor Action

A

flex the tarsocrural joint, extend the digital joints of the lateral most digits

75
Q

Fibularis Longus Origin

A

lateral collateral ligament of the genual joint

76
Q

Fibularis Longus Termination

A

fourth tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsal bones

77
Q

Fibularis Longus Action

A

flex the tarsocrural joint

78
Q

The Long Digital Extensor crosses what joint?

A

genual joint

79
Q

what is the agonist of the cranial tibial?

A

fibularis longus

80
Q

What is the agonist of the fibularis longus?

A

cranial tibial

81
Q

What is the partial agonist of the lateral digital extensor?

A

Long Digital Extensor

82
Q

Caudal Muscles of Crus

A

gastrocnemius, SDF, DDF, popliteus

83
Q

Gastrocnemius Origin

A

distal caudal femur

84
Q

Gastrocnemius Termination

A

calcaneus

85
Q

Gastrocnemius Action

A

flex the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint

86
Q

SDF Origin

A

lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur

87
Q

SDF Termination

A

calcaneus and bases of middle phalanges

88
Q

SDF Action

A

flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

89
Q

DDF Origin

A

proximal caudal aspect of tibia and fibula

90
Q

DDF Termination

A

calcaneus and bases of middle phalanges

91
Q

DDF Action

A

extend tarsocrural joint, flex digital joints

92
Q

Popliteus Origin

A

popliteal fossa of the femur

93
Q

Popliteus Termination

A

proximal caudal aspect of tibia

94
Q

Popliteus Action

A

flex the genual joint

95
Q

What muscles terminate in the calcaneus and form the common calcaneal tendon?

A

gracilis, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, SDF, and gastrocnemius

96
Q

What are the two main muscles that form the common calcaneal tendon?

A

SDF and Gracilis

97
Q

What are the muscle grouping of the pelvic limb?

A
  1. Lateral muscles of the hip
  2. Caudal muscles of the hip
  3. Caudal muscles of the thigh
  4. medial muscles of the thigh
  5. cranial muscles of the thigh
  6. craniolateral muscles of the crus
  7. caudal muscles of the crus
98
Q

What muscles form the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

caudal belly of the sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis

99
Q

What vessels are found in the femoral triangle?

A

femoral artery and vein

100
Q

What are the sacrotuberous ligament attachments?

A

sacrum and ischiatic tuberosity

101
Q

What muscles originate from the sacrotuberous ligament?

A

superficial gluteal and biceps femoris

102
Q

Functions of the patella

A
  1. protection of the tendon and the joint

2. redirection of the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps

103
Q

Crural Extensor Retinaculum Location

A

stretches obliquely from the distal third of the fibula to the medial malleolus of the tibia

104
Q

What tendons does the crural extensor retinaculum hold down?

A

long digital extensor and cranial tibial

105
Q

Tarsal Extensor Retinaculum Location

A

calcaneus

106
Q

What tendon doe the tarsal extensor retinaculum hold down?

A

long digital extensor

107
Q

Flexor Retinaculum Location

A

medial to the tuber calcanei

108
Q

What tendon does the flexor retinaculum hold down?

A

lateral digital flexor and medial digital flexor

109
Q

Identify the 2 ligaments associated with the coxal joint

A

ligament of the femoral head, transverse acetabular ligament

110
Q

Ligament of the Femoral Head attachments

A

acetabular fossa to fovea capitis

111
Q

Ligament of the Femoral Head Function

A

Limit flexion and abduction of femur

112
Q

Transverse Acetabular Ligament Attachments

A

from one side of the acetabular notch to the opposite side

113
Q

Transverse Acetabular Ligament Function

A

prevents inferior displacement of head of femur

114
Q

What muscles abduct the pelvic limb?

A

Superficial gluteal, middle gluteal (and extend coxal joint), middle gluteal (and extend coxal joint)

115
Q

What is the agonist of the middle gluteal?

A

deep gluteal

116
Q

What muscles terminate at the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

middle gluteal, piriformis, deep gluteal

117
Q

What muscles extend the coxal joint?

A
  1. middle gluteal (and abduct limb)
  2. piriformis
  3. Deep gluteal (and abduct limb)
  4. Quadratus femoris (and adduct/rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
  5. biceps femoris (and variable action on genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
  6. semitendinosus (and variable action on genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
  7. semimembranosus (and variable action on genual joint)
  8. Gracilis (and adduct limb, flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
  9. adductor (and adduct limb)
118
Q

What muscles terminate at the trochanteric fossa?

A

external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli

119
Q

What muscles rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the coxal joint?

A
  1. external obturator (and adduct limb)
  2. internal obturator
  3. gemelli
  4. quadratus femoris (and adduct/extend coxal joint)
120
Q

What muscles adduct the pelvic limb?

A
  1. external obturator
  2. quadratus femoris
  3. gracilis
  4. pectineus
  5. adductor
121
Q

What muscles terminate at the calcaneus?

A
  1. biceps femoris (and patella and tibia)
  2. semitendinosus (and tibia)
  3. gracilis (and medial aspect of genual region)
  4. SDF (and bases of middle phalanges)
  5. gastrocnemius
122
Q

What muscles extend the tarsocrural joint?

A
  1. biceps femoris (and extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint)
  2. semitendinosus (and extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint)
  3. gracilis (and adduct limb, extend coxal joint, flex genual joint)
  4. gastrocnemius (and flex genual joint)
  5. SDF (and flex genual joint, flex metatarsophalangeal joints, and proximal interphalangeal joints)
  6. DDF (and flex digital joints)
123
Q

What muscles terminate on the medial aspect of the genual region?

A

sartorius, gracilis (and calcaneus)

124
Q

What muscles flex the coxal joint?

A

sartorius (and extend or flex genual joint), rectus femoris, iliopsoas

125
Q

What muscles flex the genual joint?

A
  1. gracilis (and adduct, extend coxal joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
  2. gastrocnemius (and extend tarsocrural joint)
  3. SDF (and extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints)
  4. Popliteus
126
Q

What muscles extend the genual joint?

A

Quadriceps femoris, long digital extensor (and flex tarsocrural joint and extend digital joints)

127
Q

What muscles flex the tarsocrural joint?

A
  1. cranial tibial (and rotate paw laterally)
  2. long digital extensor (and extend genual joint, extend digital joints)
  3. lateral digital extensor (and extend digital joints of lateral most digits)
  4. fibularis longus (and rotate paw medially)
128
Q

What muscles extend the digital joints?

A

long digital extensor (and extend genual joint and flex tarsocrural joint), lateral digital extensor (only lateral most digits and flex tarsocrural joint)

Anatomy (15 decks)

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