Ligaments and sprains

Question 1

Range of movements occurring in shoulder

Answer 1

Abduction/adduction
Flexion/extension
Internal/eternal rotation
Horizontal adduction/abduction
360 degrees circumduction

Question 2

Muscles that control shoulder movement

Answer 2

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
teres minor
Subscapularis

Question 3

Range of movements occurring in elbow

Answer 3

Flexion/extension

Supination/pronation

Question 4

Muscles that control elbow movement

Answer 4

Biceps/triceps brachii
Brachialis
Brchioradialis
Pronator teres 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum

Question 5

Range of movement in wrist

Answer 5

Flexion/extension

Adduction/abduction

Question 6

Muscles that control movement in wrist

Answer 6

Flexor carpi radialis/ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis/ulnaris
Pronator teres
Supinator
Palmar carpal ligament

Question 7

What is the shoulder girdle?

Answer 7

Proximal portion of scapula, humerus and clavicle

Question 8

What is the shoulder joint?

Answer 8

The glenohumeral, acromioclavicular and steroclavicular joints

Question 9

Where is the capsule of the joint?

Answer 9

Surrounding synovial membrane

Question 10

What is a grade I ligament tear?

Answer 10

Mild injury, minimally torn fibres, no loss of integrity

Question 11

What is a grade II ligament tear?

Answer 11

Moderate injury, incomplete tear, increased laxity of joint

Question 12

What is a grade III ligament tear?

Answer 12

Severe tear, gross laxity of joint

No pain because complete separation of fibres

Question 13

What are the four angles in the scapula?

Answer 13

Superior, inferior, acromial and lateral

Question 14

What are the three borders of the scapula?

Answer 14

Medial, superior, lateral

Question 15

What do the coracohumeral ligaments do?

Answer 15

Connect coracoid to humerus

Question 16

Which muscle flexes the shoulder?

Answer 16

Pectoralis major

Question 17

Which muscle extends the shoulder?

Answer 17

Tricep

Question 18

Which muscles abduct the shoulder?

Answer 18

Supraspinatus and deltoid

Question 19

Which muscles adduct the shoulder?

Answer 19

Pectoralis major and teres minor

Question 20

What does the supraspinatus do?

Answer 20

Connects supraspinus fossa to greater tuberosity

Question 21

What does the infraspinatus do?

Answer 21

Connects scapula to greater tuberosity

Question 22

What does the subscapularis do?

Answer 22

Connects scapular fossa to lesser tuberosity

Question 23

What does the teres minor do?

Answer 23

Inferior, lateral side of scapula to greater tuberosity

Question 24

What happens to result in frozen shoulder?

Answer 24

Joint capsule is irritated and staid - no movement

Question 25

What are the three forms of dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 25

Posterior, inferior and anterior

Question 26

What is posterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 26

Head of humerus is posterior to fossa

Question 27

What is inferior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 27

Head moves inferiorly

Question 28

What is anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 28

Head of humerus is anterior to glenoid fossa

Question 29

Which muscle is responsible for the first 30 degrees of adduction?

Answer 29

Supraspinatus

Question 30

Which muscle is responsible for adduction after 30 degrees?

Answer 30

Deltoid

Question 31

When a muscle is damages, what happens to the speed of adduction in that region?

Answer 31

It happens much faster because of the pain

Question 32

What is the positive test result for rotator cuff injury?

Answer 32

Ask the patient to lower a fully abducted arm slowly. A positive result involves the arm dropping quickly after 30 degrees

Question 33

What are the two features of the humerus?

Answer 33

Capitulum and trochlea

Question 34

What are the two processes on the ulna?

Answer 34

Olecranon and coronoid

Question 35

What does the bicep brachii do?

Answer 35

Flexion and supination

Question 36

What does the tricep do?

Answer 36

Extension

Question 37

What does the pronator teres do?

Answer 37

Pronation

Question 38

Which tendon is torn in tennis elbow?

Answer 38

Extensor

Question 39

Which side of the elbow does golfer's elbow occur on?

Answer 39

Medial

Question 40

What are the two types of ligament damage?

Answer 40

Collateral and annular

Question 41

Which ligaments could be damaged in collateral ligament damage?

Answer 41

Medial or lateral

Question 42

What is annular ligament damage?

Answer 42

Annular ligament slips off radial head and gets stuck between radius and humerus