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Musculoskeletal system > Ligaments and sprains > Flashcards

Ligaments and sprains Flashcards

1
Q

Range of movements occurring in shoulder

A 
Abduction/adduction
Flexion/extension
Internal/eternal rotation
Horizontal adduction/abduction
360 degrees circumduction
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2
Q

Muscles that control shoulder movement

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
teres minor
Subscapularis

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3
Q

Range of movements occurring in elbow

A

Flexion/extension

Supination/pronation

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4
Q

Muscles that control elbow movement

A 
Biceps/triceps brachii
Brachialis
Brchioradialis
Pronator teres 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
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5
Q

Range of movement in wrist

A

Flexion/extension

Adduction/abduction

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6
Q

Muscles that control movement in wrist

A 
Flexor carpi radialis/ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis/ulnaris
Pronator teres
Supinator
Palmar carpal ligament
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7
Q

What is the shoulder girdle?

A

Proximal portion of scapula, humerus and clavicle

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8
Q

What is the shoulder joint?

A

The glenohumeral, acromioclavicular and steroclavicular joints

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9
Q

Where is the capsule of the joint?

A

Surrounding synovial membrane

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10
Q

What is a grade I ligament tear?

A

Mild injury, minimally torn fibres, no loss of integrity

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11
Q

What is a grade II ligament tear?

A

Moderate injury, incomplete tear, increased laxity of joint

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12
Q

What is a grade III ligament tear?

A

Severe tear, gross laxity of joint

No pain because complete separation of fibres

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13
Q

What are the four angles in the scapula?

A

Superior, inferior, acromial and lateral

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14
Q

What are the three borders of the scapula?

A

Medial, superior, lateral

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15
Q

What do the coracohumeral ligaments do?

A

Connect coracoid to humerus

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16
Q

Which muscle flexes the shoulder?

A

Pectoralis major

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17
Q

Which muscle extends the shoulder?

A

Tricep

18
Q

Which muscles abduct the shoulder?

A

Supraspinatus and deltoid

19
Q

Which muscles adduct the shoulder?

A

Pectoralis major and teres minor

20
Q

What does the supraspinatus do?

A

Connects supraspinus fossa to greater tuberosity

21
Q

What does the infraspinatus do?

A

Connects scapula to greater tuberosity

22
Q

What does the subscapularis do?

A

Connects scapular fossa to lesser tuberosity

23
Q

What does the teres minor do?

A

Inferior, lateral side of scapula to greater tuberosity

24
Q

What happens to result in frozen shoulder?

A

Joint capsule is irritated and staid - no movement

25
Q

What are the three forms of dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Posterior, inferior and anterior

26
Q

What is posterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Head of humerus is posterior to fossa

27
Q

What is inferior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Head moves inferiorly

28
Q

What is anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Head of humerus is anterior to glenoid fossa

29
Q

Which muscle is responsible for the first 30 degrees of adduction?

A

Supraspinatus

30
Q

Which muscle is responsible for adduction after 30 degrees?

A

Deltoid

31
Q

When a muscle is damages, what happens to the speed of adduction in that region?

A

It happens much faster because of the pain

32
Q

What is the positive test result for rotator cuff injury?

A

Ask the patient to lower a fully abducted arm slowly. A positive result involves the arm dropping quickly after 30 degrees

33
Q

What are the two features of the humerus?

A

Capitulum and trochlea

34
Q

What are the two processes on the ulna?

A

Olecranon and coronoid

35
Q

What does the bicep brachii do?

A

Flexion and supination

36
Q

What does the tricep do?

A

Extension

37
Q

What does the pronator teres do?

A

Pronation

38
Q

Which tendon is torn in tennis elbow?

A

Extensor

39
Q

Which side of the elbow does golfer’s elbow occur on?

A

Medial

40
Q

What are the two types of ligament damage?

A

Collateral and annular

41
Q

Which ligaments could be damaged in collateral ligament damage?

A

Medial or lateral

42
Q

What is annular ligament damage?

A

Annular ligament slips off radial head and gets stuck between radius and humerus

Musculoskeletal system (24 decks)

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