Ligaments And Articular Capsules 1 Flashcards
What are the three extracapsular ligaments of the hip?
Iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral ligament, ischiofemoral ligament
What are the intracapsular ligaments of the hip?
Transverse acetabular ligament, labrum of the acetabulum, zona orbicularis, ligamentum teres
What is a posterior dislocation of the hip?
The head of the femur is driven posteriorly out of hte acetabulum, causing it to look flexed, internally rotated and adducted
What two bones does the fibular/lateral collateral ligament attach to?
Fibula and femur
What two bones does the anterolateral ligament attach? What does this ligament do?
The anterolateral tibia and lateral epicondyle of the femur
Prevents excessive internal rotation of the tibia
Where does the tibial/medial collateral ligament attach (MCL)?
Medial epicondyle of the femur and medial surface of tibia; it also connects the medial meniscus
Where does oblique popliteal ligament attach?
Lateral femoral condyle to the medial tibial condyle (runs obliquely)
Where does the arcuate popliteal ligament attach?
lateral femoral condyle and lateral fibular head to the fibrous capsule of knee joint
Where does the anterior cruciate ligament attach? What is its function?
Posteromedial surface of the lateral femoral condyle from the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia
Limit posterior rolling of the femoral condyles on the tibial plateau during flexion and Prevent hyperextension of the knee
Where does the posterior cruciate ligament attach? What is its function?
Anterolateral surface of medial femoral condyle from the posterior intercondylar area of tibia
Prevents femur from going anterior when you flex knee
Where do the medial and lateral menisci sit? What do they do? What ligament connects them across the knee?
Between the medial condyle of femur and medial tibial condyle (medial) and the lateral condyle of femur and lateral tibial condyle (lateral)
Absorb shock and stress
The transverse ligament of the knee
What’s the unhappy triad?
Tearing of the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus while knee is fully extended
What are the two retinacula of the foot?
Superior extensor retinaculum and inferior extensor retinaculum
Theres also a plantar aponeurosis
What two ligaments connect the fibula and talus? Which one tears more commonly?
Anterior talofibular L and posterior talofibular L
The anterior talofibular L
What ligament attaches the fibula with the calcaneus ?
Calcaneofibular L
What four parts make up the deltoid L?
Anterior tibiotalar part
Tibionavicular part
Tibiocalcaneal part
Posterior tibiotalar part
What is the Pott’s fracture dislocation?
A fracture in the medial malleolus, separating the talus and causing a fracture in the distal fibula, tearing the anterior tibiofibular L
What are the arch support ligaments?
Tendon of fibularis longus, long plantar ligament, tibialis posterior, plantar calcaneocuboid L, plantar calcaneonavicular L
What is Pes Planus?
Flat foot; the arch of the foot is fallen
Where does the ischiofemoral L attach?
Ichial part of acetabular rim and attach medial to the greater trochanter
What does the zona orbicularis support?
The neck of the femur
What does the acetabular labrum do?
Creates a deeper socket for the femoral head to sit inside
What does the ligamentum teres do and where does it attach?
It houses the obturator artery in earlier stages of life
The fovea of the head of the femur to the acetabulum
What does the valgus test test for?
Testing the medial collateral ligament
What does the varus stress test test for?
The strength of the lateral collateral ligament
What is the Lachman’s test?
It tests for the ACL and PCL, pushing anteriorly tests ACL and pushing posteriorly tests PCL
What is McMurray’s test?
Tests the meniscus
Testing for the lateral meniscus by putting pressure on it (push from lateral to medial on proximal tibia and pull medial to lateral on distal tibia)
Testing the medial meniscus is just the opposite
What’s the apley grind test?
With patient prone, flex knee to 90 degrees, push down and compress knee joint, internally and externally rotate to see if they’re pain
If there is, that is indicative of pathology
What are the three arches of the foot? What is the purpose?
Medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal and transverse arch
To absorb shock and make the foot adaptable to different surfaces
What makes up the dynamic support of the foot?
Intrinsic foot muscles and tendons of fibularis longus and tibialis posterior
What makes up the passive support of the foot?
Plantar aponeurosis
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Spring ligament (transfers weight from talus to rest of foot)
