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MSK T2 > Glutes, Posterior Thigh And Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Glutes, Posterior Thigh And Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

What are the arteries of the cruciate anastomosis?

A

Inferior gluteal artery,

transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery

Terminal part of the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery

first perforating branch of deep femoral artery

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2
Q

What does the internal pudendal artery supply?

A

Perineal muscles and external genitalia

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3
Q

Where should intragluteal injections be made?

A

In the supero-lateral part of the gluteal region in order to avoid the sciatic nerve and other gluteal nerves and vessels

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4
Q

What is the action of the gluteus Maximus?

A

Chief extensor of the thigh and lateral rotation

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5
Q

What is the gluteus Maximus innervated by?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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6
Q

What artery supplies the gluteus Maximus?

A

Superficial branch of the gluteal artery and branches of the inferior gluteal artery

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7
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus Maximus?

A

Surface of the ilium behind posterior gluteal line

Dorsal surface of the sacrum

Lateral margin of the coccyx

sacrotubular L.

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8
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus Maximus?

A

Gluteal tuberosity and IT band

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9
Q

What are the actions of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Thigh abduction and medial rotation (mostly minimus)

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10
Q

What is the innervation for gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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11
Q

What allows us to walk bipedally?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus allow for abduction, which is necessary for walking bipedally

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12
Q

What is duchenne’s limp/positive trendelenburg’s sign?

A

It’s a condition where the abductor muscles of the hip, gluteus minimus and medius are not functioning, causing a loss of steadying action and leaning towards the affected side; could be caused by an injury to superior gluteal nerve or the actual hip muscles themselves

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13
Q

What do the gluteus minimus and medius do?

A

They keep the greater trochanter in proximity to the iliac blade, thereby keeping the pelvis level and maintaining a smooth gait

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14
Q

What is the tensor fascia lata innervated by?

A

Superficial gluteal nerve

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15
Q

What are the actions of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh; slight extension of knee along with the gluteus Maximus

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16
Q

What is the origin of piriformis?

A

Anterio-lateral aspect of the sacrum

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17
Q

Where does piriformis insert?

A

Trochanteric fossa

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18
Q

What is the innervation of obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus nerve

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19
Q

What is the action of the superior and inferior gemelli?

A

Lateral rotation

20
Q

What is the innervation of superior gemellus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus

21
Q

What is the innervation of inferior gemellus?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

22
Q

Which of the small lateral rotators is least affective when the thigh is flexed at the hip?

A

Not sure…..

23
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A

Semi-membranosus

Semi-tendinosus

Biceps femoris, short head and long head

24
Q

What is the common proximal attachment of the hamstrings?

A

Ischial tuberosity, except short head of biceps femoris

25
Q

What is the common innervation of hamstrings?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve, except short head of biceps femoris

26
Q

What are the functions of hamstrings?

A

Thigh extension, except short head of biceps femoris. Leg flexion (all four)

27
Q

What is the function of semitendinosus?

A

Extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate

28
Q

What is the innervation of semitendinosus?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

29
Q

Where does the semitendinosus insert?

A

Pes anserinus

30
Q

What is the function of semimembranosus?

A

Extend thigh, flex leg

31
Q

What is the innervation of semimembranosus?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

32
Q

What are the actions of biceps femoris? Long head and short head

A

Long head: flex leg; extend thigh, tibial division of sciatic nerve

Short head: only flexed leg, common fibulae branch of the sciatic

33
Q

Where do the two heads of the biceps femoris attach?

A

Long head: ischial tuberosity

Short head: distal lateral lip of linea aspera

Common insertion is on the head of the fibula

34
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

superomedially: semitendinosus and semimembraneosus
superolaterally: biceps femoris
inferolaterally: lateral head gastrocnemius
inferomedially: medial head gastrocnemius

35
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

nerves (tibial), popliteal vein, lymph nodes, popliteal artery and branches

36
Q

when does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?

A

after it passes through the adductor hiatus

37
Q

what does the genicular branches of the anastamosis supply?

A

articular capsule and ligaments of knee joints

38
Q

what make up the genicular anastamosis

A

superior and inferior lateral genicular artery

superior and inferior medial genicular artery

39
Q

How does the popliteal artery terminate?

A

ends by dividing into the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

40
Q

Where does the popliteal vein run?

A

the small saphenous vein terminates into the popliteal vein, which lies in the same fibrous sheath as the popliteal artery, and then it will become the femoral vein after traveling through the adductor hiatus

41
Q

what are the nerves in the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

42
Q

Before the popliteal fossa, how do you refer to what innervates the hamstrings?

A

the tibial division of the sciatic nerve, and the fibular division of the sciatic nerve

43
Q

What is the sural nerve composed of?

A

the medial sural cutaneous nerve from the tibial nerve

the sural (or fibular) communicating branch from the common fibular nerve of the lateral sural cutaneous nerve

44
Q

What does the sural nerve innervate?

A

the distal posterior aspect of the leg and lateral aspect of ankle and foot

45
Q

What is the primary muscle used to rise from a seated position?

A

Gluteus maximus m

MSK T2 (18 decks)

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