Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biochemistry > Life, Water, Amino Acids, Proteins > Flashcards

Life, Water, Amino Acids, Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

What is the more complex of the cell types?

A

Eukaryotes

Enclosed organelles

Both have rhibosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes hydrogen bonding?

A

Electronegativity difference (dipoles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four weak forces?

A
  1. Hydrogen Bonds
  2. Van der Waals Forces
  3. Hydrophobic Interactions
  4. Electrostatic/Ionic Interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which atom pulls the electron cloud towards itself resulting in a partial charge and giving rise to a dipole?

A

The more electronegative atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Two atoms attract one another until they get too close

A

Van Der Waals foreces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Any interactions where there is a charge differential leading to an attractive force

A

electrostatic interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In an aqueous environment, non-polar molecules will gather together to reduce their surface area

A

Hydrophobic Interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

These are used as buffers

A

weak acids or weak bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

proton donor

A

acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

proton acceptor

A

base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The _____ Ka is, the stronger the acid

A

larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The _____ pKa is, the stronger the acid

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the equation for Ka?

A

HxA/HA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the equation for pKa?

A

-logKa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the equation for pH?

A

-log H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation?

A

pH = pKa + log [A-]/[HA]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

R group is nonpolar

A

Hydrophobic/Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

R group has electronegative atoms that are not charged at normal pH ranges

A

Polar-Neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

R group has electronegative atoms that are positively charged at physiological pH

A

Polar Charged/Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

R group has electronegative atoms that are negatively charged at physiological pH

A

Polar Charged/Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Glycine

Gly

G

Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Alanine

Ala

A

Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Valine

Val

V

Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Leucine

Leu

L

Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Isoleucine

Ile

I

Nonpolar

26
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Methionine

Met

M

Nonpolar

27
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Proline

Pro

P

Nonpolar

28
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Phenylalanine

Phe

F

Nonpolar

29
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Tryptophan

Trp

W

Nonpolar

30
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Serine

Ser

S

Neutral Polar

31
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Threonine

Thr

T

Neutral Polar

32
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Tyrosine

Tyr

Y

Neutral Polar

33
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Cysteine

Cys

C

Neutral Polar

34
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Asparagine

Asn

N

Neutral Polar

35
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Glutamine

Gln

Q

Neutral Polar

36
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Lysine

Lys

K

Polar Positive

37
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Arginine

Arg

R

Polar Positive

38
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Histidine

His

H

Polar Positive

39
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Aspartic Acid

Asp

D

Polar Negative

40
Q

What Amino Acid is this?

Polarity?

A

Glutamate

Glu

E

Polar Negative

41
Q

L is almost always __and D is almost always __

42
Q

What happens at conditions pH <2?

43
Q

What happens at conditions pH ~6?

44
Q

What happens at conditions pH >10?

45
Q

Simple linear structures that serve primarily as structural components in cells.

A

Fibrous proteins

46
Q

Roughly spherical with hydrophobic amino acids towards center and hydrophilic (polar) amino acids towards the outside

A

Globular proteins

47
Q

Found associated with membranes. Hydrophobic residues point outwards (to interact with hydrophobic lipid membrane) with hydrophobic inwards

A

Membrane proteins

48
Q

What configuration is this?

A

Staggered Anti

49
Q

What configuration is this?

A

Staggered Gauche

50
Q

What configuration is this?

51
Q

What angle is this?

52
Q

What angle is this?

53
Q

Name a Mixed alpha and beta motif

A

Rossman Fold

TIM Barrel

Leucine Rich Repeat Protein

Flavodoxin Fold

Thioredoxin Fold

54
Q

Name an alpha helix motif

A

Coiled coil

Helix bundle

Globin fold

Homeodomain fold

55
Q

Name a Beta Motif

A

Greek key

Jellyroll

Beta Barrel

Beta propeller

56
Q

Structure: the amino acid sequence of the protein, read from the N- to C-terminus

A

Primary Structure

57
Q

Structure: alpha helices and beta sheets, induced by primary sequence and held together by weak forces

A

Secondary Structure

58
Q

Structure: overall 3D shape of the protein, stabilized by interactions of various R groups

A

Tertiary Structure

59
Q

Structure: interactions of multiple subunits in a complex

A

Quarternary Structure

60
Q

Overall 3-D architecture of a protein

A

Conformation

61
Q

Part of a polypeptide chain that can fold and possible function on its own.

62
Q

A recurring structural element found in various proteins that may or may not have an evolutionary relationship.

Biochemistry (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions