LG4.8 Lump/Mass Musculoskeletal Scheme Presentation and LG4.9 Lump/Mass/Hernia Musculoskeletal Cases – Dr. Crutchfield Flashcards
What is cytology?
The study of cells
What is panendoscopy?
Complete physical examination of the head and neck by pharyngoscopy, laryngoscopy, and upper GI endoscopy.
What is a virchow’s node?
- Lump in the supraclavicular fossa
- Shows breast cancer in females
- Shows lung cancer in men
What is prune belly syndrome?
NO abdominal muscles, undescended tests, urinary tract abnormalities
What is a inguinal hernia?
- Lump in the inguinal area……
- Physical exam 1st, then imaging, treat with true support or surgery.
- Defect in fascia
What is an umbilical hernia?
- “Outie”, congenital or acquired
- Obesity, heavy lifting
What is an incisional hernia?
Fascial defect from a prior operation
What is diastasis recti?
No fascial defect, no repair needed, looks like a lump on the abdomen when head is flexed.
What is lumbar hernia?
Rare, congenital or acquired
What is Grynfeltt-Lesshaft?
Superior lumbar triangle, quadratus lumbrum, 12th rib, internal oblique
What is Petit’s?
Inferior lumbar triangle, latisimus dorsi, external oblique, and iliac crest.
What is a ventral hernia?
- Congenital or acquired
- anywhere on the ventral side of the abdomen.
What is a Spigelian hernia?
- On the line of Davis
- Special type of ventral hernia occurring at the semi lunar line and lateral to the rectus musculature.
- Level of the umbilicus or below
What is a sarcoma?
Diagnose via muscle biopsy
What is osteoma?
- treat with excision, or chemo/radiation, if osteosarcoma
- abnormal bony growth
What is a rectus sheath hematoma?
- Bleeding into rectus sheath
- treat with abdominal binder and bed rest
- Imaging should be engaged to rule out major trauma
- Blood thinners may cause spontaneous into rectus sheath
What is Gastrointestinal stromal tumor?
- Derived from mesenchyme.
- Genetic factor is C-kit pathway gene
What is Endometrius of Rectus Muscle?
- Lump or pain in a scar
- Mass in abdominal muscle
- Treat with hormone therapy or surgery
What is leiomyoma?
Tumor of the uterus
What is a Psoas muscle abscesses?
- Uncommon
- Treat with Abx and drainage
- Debride if associated with necrotizing fasciitis
- If unsure aspirate
What is a ruptured achilles tendon?
- Males more than female
- Treatment with conservative methods of surgery
- Usually very obvious
What is a closed fracture?
broken bone can cause bump
What are the three types of biopsies?
1) Core needle biopsy- used for breast tumor
2) Leather punch biopsy- Used for melanoma
What are the complications of biopsies?
Bleeding, infections, hematoma, scarring
