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Hematology I & II > Leukopoiesis > Flashcards

Leukopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

These 2 type of cells cooperate in defending the body against disease through recognition of foreign antigens and antibody production.

A

lymphocytes and plasma cells

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2
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Memory cells are not involved in recognition of foreign antigens and antibody production.

A

False

* Memory cells are involved.

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3
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Antigen antibody reaction exhibits sensitivity.

A

False

* Antigen antibody reaction exhibits specificity.

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4
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Where do lymphocytes arise from?

A

pluripotent precursor cells of the yolk sac and liver

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5
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

In later fetal development, _____ becomes the sole provider of hematopoietic stem cells

A

bone marrow

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6
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Give the hematopoietic growth factors.

A
  1. IL-1
  2. IL-6
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7
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

IL-1 and IL-6 differentiate what 2 lymphocytes?

A

T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte

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8
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

It is the fully differentiated B cell.

A

plasma cell

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9
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

The Primary Lymphoid Tissue consists of?

(Hint: There are two.)

A
  1. bone marrow
  2. thymus
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10
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

The Secondary Lymphoid Tissues consists of?

(Hint: There are three.)

A
  1. lymph nodes
  2. spleen
  3. peyer patches (intestine)
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11
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

bone marrow produces _____
thymus prodcues ______

A

bone marrow: B lymphocytes

thymus: T lymphocytes

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12
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B or T lymphocytes:

stem cells that migrate to thymus acquire thymus-dependent characteristics to become immunocompetent

A

T lymphocyte

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13
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B or T lymphocyte

bone marrows are the bursal equivalent in human

A

B lymphocyte

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14
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Primary or Secondary Lymphoid Tissue

dependent on antigenic stimulation

A

Secondary Lymphoid Tissue

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15
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

B and T lymphocytes are both active in lymphoiesis and present in medullary cords of lymph nodes

A

True

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16
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

T lymphocytes are located in the ff except:

A. Perifollicular region of lymph node

B. Paracortical regions of lymph node

C. Periarteriolar regions of spleen

D. Primary follicles and red pulp of the spleen

A

D. Primary follicles and red pulp of the spleen

* B lymphoctes populate in primary follicles and red pulp

T LYMPHOCYTES ARE LOCATED IN THE FF:

  • Perifollicular region of lymph node
  • Paracortical regions of lymph node
  • Periarteriolar regions of spleen
  • Thoracic ducts of circulatory system
  • Medullary cords of spleen
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17
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B lymphocytes populate in the ff except:

A. Follicular and Medullary areas of lymph nodes

B. Primary Follicles and red pulp of spleen

C. Follicular regions of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)

D. NOTA

A

D. NOTA

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18
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False

After peak immune response the ff die in small numbers:

  • antigen presenting cells (APCs)
  • antigen-activated T lymphocytes
A

False.

* They die in large numbers

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19
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Number of T lymphocytes are kept in strict control.

A

Homeostatic proliferation

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20
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes come in contact with processed foreign antigens.

A

Lymphocte proliferation

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21
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

In lymphocyte proliferation, lymphocytes recirculate back to blood via ______.

A

major lymphatic ducts

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22
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes enter lymph nodes via ______ and ______ to reach postcapillary venules.

A

via arterioles and capillaries

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23
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphatic fluid, lymphocytes,a nd antigens enter lymph node through ______ and ______.

A

through afferent and efferent lymphatic ducts

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24
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Lymphocyte recirculation’s significance is to recycle different WBCs.

A

True

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25
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Thoracic duct drains the rest of the body.

A

True

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26
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Give the blood lymphocytes normal reference values of the ff:

  1. at birth
  2. adults
A
  1. birth: 31%
  2. adults: 34%
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27
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

It is the total number of lymphocytes compared with total number of leukocytes

A

Absolute number of lymphocytes

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28
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

It is the lymphocyte % as determined by a differential blood smear enumeration of leukocytes.

A

Relative number of lymphocytes

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29
Q

Morphological Chracteristics of Normal Lymphocytes

Maturational Stages

It is the 1st identifiable cell.

A

Lymphoblast

30
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​

Maturational Stages

It is the 2nd identifiable cell.

A

Prolymphocyte

31
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​

Maturational Stages

This is the 3rd identifiable cell.

A

Mature lymphocyte

32
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte

  • *chromatin:** delicate
  • *granules:** none
  • *cytoplasmic color:** blue
A

lymphoblast

33
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte

nuclear shape: slightly indented

chromatin: slight condensed

cytoplasmic color: medium blue with a thin rim of darker blue

A

prolymphocyte

34
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte

nuclear shape: may have clefts

chromatin: dense and clumped

cytoplasmic amount: scanty

cytoplasmic color: light blue

A

mature lymphocyte

35
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes

represent increased DNA and RNA activity

A

variant

36
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes

It denotes that a lymphocyte is not normal but does not further classify a lymphocyte.

A

variant

37
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes

lymphocytes that is developing into a plasma cell

A

plasmacytoid

38
Q

Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes

plasma cells or small sensitized committed lymphocytes further tarsnformed from immunoblasts

A

Memory cells

39
Q

Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations

Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells

encountered in viral infections and suggestive of lymphocytic leukemia or leukosarcoma

A

binucleated lymphocyte

40
Q

Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations

Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells

nulceus is notched, lobulated,a nd clover-leaf like

A

Rieder cells

41
Q

Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations

Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/
Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells

frequently associated with Niemann-Pick disease, Tay Sachs disease, Hurler Syndrome, and Burkitt lymphoma

A

Vacuolated lymphocytes

42
Q

Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations

Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/
Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells

represents bare nuclei of lymphocytes and neutrophils

and increased fragility indicates increase in its percentage

A

Smudge cells

43
Q

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte

A

lymphoblast

44
Q

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte

A

prolymphocyte

45
Q

lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte

A

mature lymphocyte

46
Q

binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge

A

binucleated lymphocyte

47
Q

binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge

A

Rieder cells

48
Q

binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge

A

Smudge cell

49
Q

binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge

A

Vacuolated lymphocyte

50
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

responsible for:

  • cellular immune response
  • helps/supresses B lymphocytes activation
A

T lymphocyte

51
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • CD4 T cells play a central role in immunity
A

T lymphocyte

52
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • primary source of cells responsible for humoral responses
A

B lymphocyte

53
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • aid in body defense against encapsulated bacteria
A

B lymphocytes

54
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • unique and important part of immune system with roles of infectious disease and tumor surveillance
A

Natural Killer lymphocytes

55
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • mediates hyperacute rejection of transplanted organs
A

B lymphocytes

56
Q

T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes

  • CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells
A

Natural Killer lymphocytes

57
Q

regarded as critical immunity to intracellular microorganisms

A

Th1

58
Q

critical immunity to many extracellular microoragnisms

A

Th2

59
Q

Th1 or Th2

abnormal activation is asscoiated with most organ specific autoimmune disease

A

Th1

60
Q

Th1 or Th2

abnormal activation is associated with asthma and allergic inflammatory disease

A

Th2

61
Q

True or False

B cells have a unique feature where the apperance immunoglobulin chains is present in the cytoplasm

A

True

62
Q

True or False

heavy chains of IgM is synthesized first and characterizes as the pre-B cell

A

True

63
Q

soluble mediators

A

cytokines

64
Q

Cytokines are important for?

A

providing language for cell-to-cell communication

65
Q

affects macrophage migration during delayed hypersensitivity reactions

A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF)

B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)

C. Chemotactic factor

D. IL-2

A

A. Migration Inhibition Fcator (MIH)

66
Q

released by macrophages and activates helper T-cells

A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF)

B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)

C. Chemotactic factor

D. IL-2

A

D. IL-2

67
Q

major factor stimulating T-cell proliferation

A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF)

B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)

C. Chemotactic factor

D. IL-2

A

B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)

68
Q

attracts granulocytes to affected areas

A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF)

B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)

C. Chemotactic factor

D. IL-2

A

C. Chemotactic factor

69
Q
A

flame cell

70
Q
A

Grape/Mott cell

Hematology I & II (9 decks)

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