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Hematology I & II > Leukopoiesis > Flashcards

Leukopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

These 2 type of cells cooperate in defending the body against disease through recognition of foreign antigens and antibody production.

A

lymphocytes and plasma cells

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2
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Memory cells are not involved in recognition of foreign antigens and antibody production.

A

False

* Memory cells are involved.

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3
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Antigen antibody reaction exhibits sensitivity.

A

False

* Antigen antibody reaction exhibits specificity.

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4
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Where do lymphocytes arise from?

A

pluripotent precursor cells of the yolk sac and liver

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5
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

In later fetal development, _____ becomes the sole provider of hematopoietic stem cells

A

bone marrow

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6
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Give the hematopoietic growth factors.

A
  1. IL-1
  2. IL-6
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7
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

IL-1 and IL-6 differentiate what 2 lymphocytes?

A

T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte

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8
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

It is the fully differentiated B cell.

A

plasma cell

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9
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

The Primary Lymphoid Tissue consists of?

(Hint: There are two.)

A
  1. bone marrow
  2. thymus
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10
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

The Secondary Lymphoid Tissues consists of?

(Hint: There are three.)

A
  1. lymph nodes
  2. spleen
  3. peyer patches (intestine)
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11
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

bone marrow produces _____
thymus prodcues ______

A

bone marrow: B lymphocytes

thymus: T lymphocytes

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12
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B or T lymphocytes:

stem cells that migrate to thymus acquire thymus-dependent characteristics to become immunocompetent

A

T lymphocyte

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13
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B or T lymphocyte

bone marrows are the bursal equivalent in human

A

B lymphocyte

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14
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Primary or Secondary Lymphoid Tissue

dependent on antigenic stimulation

A

Secondary Lymphoid Tissue

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15
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

B and T lymphocytes are both active in lymphoiesis and present in medullary cords of lymph nodes

A

True

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16
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

T lymphocytes are located in the ff except:

A. Perifollicular region of lymph node

B. Paracortical regions of lymph node

C. Periarteriolar regions of spleen

D. Primary follicles and red pulp of the spleen

A

D. Primary follicles and red pulp of the spleen

* B lymphoctes populate in primary follicles and red pulp

T LYMPHOCYTES ARE LOCATED IN THE FF:

  • Perifollicular region of lymph node
  • Paracortical regions of lymph node
  • Periarteriolar regions of spleen
  • Thoracic ducts of circulatory system
  • Medullary cords of spleen
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17
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

B lymphocytes populate in the ff except:

A. Follicular and Medullary areas of lymph nodes

B. Primary Follicles and red pulp of spleen

C. Follicular regions of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)

D. NOTA

A

D. NOTA

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18
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False

After peak immune response the ff die in small numbers:

  • antigen presenting cells (APCs)
  • antigen-activated T lymphocytes
A

False.

* They die in large numbers

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19
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Number of T lymphocytes are kept in strict control.

A

Homeostatic proliferation

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20
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes come in contact with processed foreign antigens.

A

Lymphocte proliferation

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21
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

In lymphocyte proliferation, lymphocytes recirculate back to blood via ______.

A

major lymphatic ducts

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22
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes enter lymph nodes via ______ and ______ to reach postcapillary venules.

A

via arterioles and capillaries

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23
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

Lymphatic fluid, lymphocytes,a nd antigens enter lymph node through ______ and ______.

A

through afferent and efferent lymphatic ducts

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24
Q

Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes

True or False:

Lymphocyte recirculation’s significance is to recycle different WBCs.

A

True

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25
**Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes** _True or False:_ Thoracic duct drains the rest of the body.
True
26
**Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes** Give the blood ***lymphocytes*** normal reference values of the ff: 1. at birth 2. adults
1. birth: 31% 2. adults: 34%
27
**Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes** It is the **total number of lymphocytes** compared with **total number of leukocytes**
Absolute number of lymphocytes
28
**Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes** It is the **lymphocyte %** as determined by a *differential blood smear* enumeration of leukocytes.
Relative number of lymphocytes
29
**Morphological Chracteristics of Normal Lymphocytes** _Maturational Stages_ It is the 1st identifiable cell.
Lymphoblast
30
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​** _Maturational Stages_ It is the 2nd identifiable cell.
Prolymphocyte
31
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​** _Maturational Stages_ This is the 3rd identifiable cell.
Mature lymphocyte
32
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​** _lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte_ * *chromatin:** delicate * *granules:** none * *cytoplasmic color:** blue
lymphoblast
33
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​** _lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte_ **nuclear shape:** slightly indented **chromatin:** slight condensed **cytoplasmic color:** medium blue with a thin rim of darker blue
prolymphocyte
34
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes​** _lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte / mature lymphocyte_ **nuclear shape:** may have clefts **chromatin:** dense and clumped **cytoplasmic amount:** scanty **cytoplasmic color:** light blue
mature lymphocyte
35
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes** represent increased DNA and RNA activity
variant
36
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes** It denotes that a lymphocyte is not normal but does not further classify a lymphocyte.
variant
37
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes** lymphocytes that is developing into a plasma cell
plasmacytoid
38
**Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes** plasma cells or small sensitized committed lymphocytes further tarsnformed from immunoblasts
Memory cells
39
**Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations** _Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells_ encountered in viral infections and suggestive of lymphocytic leukemia or leukosarcoma
binucleated lymphocyte
40
**Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations** _Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells_ nulceus is notched, lobulated,a nd clover-leaf like
Rieder cells
41
**Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations** _Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells_ frequently associated with Niemann-Pick disease, Tay Sachs disease, Hurler Syndrome, and Burkitt lymphoma
Vacuolated lymphocytes
42
**Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations** _Binucleated lymphocytes/ Rieder cells/ Vacuolated lymphocytes/ Smudge cells_ represents bare nuclei of lymphocytes and neutrophils and increased fragility indicates increase in its percentage
Smudge cells
43
lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte
lymphoblast
44
lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte
prolymphocyte
45
lymphoblast/ prolymphocyte/ mature lymphocyte
mature lymphocyte
46
binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge
binucleated lymphocyte
47
binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge
Rieder cells
48
binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge
Smudge cell
49
binucleated/ rieder/ vacuolated/ smudge
Vacuolated lymphocyte
50
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ responsible for: * cellular immune response * helps/supresses B lymphocytes activation
T lymphocyte
51
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * CD4 T cells play a central role in immunity
T lymphocyte
52
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * primary source of cells responsible for humoral responses
B lymphocyte
53
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * aid in body defense against encapsulated bacteria
B lymphocytes
54
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * unique and important part of immune system with roles of infectious disease and tumor surveillance
Natural Killer lymphocytes
55
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * mediates hyperacute rejection of transplanted organs
B lymphocytes
56
_T / B / Natural Killer lymphocytes_ * CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells
Natural Killer lymphocytes
57
regarded as critical immunity to *intracellular* microorganisms
Th1
58
critical immunity to many *extracellular* microoragnisms
Th2
59
_Th1 or Th2_ abnormal activation is asscoiated with most organ specific autoimmune disease
Th1
60
_Th1 or Th2_ abnormal activation is associated with asthma and allergic inflammatory disease
Th2
61
_True or False_ B cells have a unique feature where the apperance immunoglobulin chains is present in the cytoplasm
True
62
_True or False_ **heavy chains of IgM** is synthesized first and characterizes as the *pre-B cell*
True
63
soluble mediators
cytokines
64
Cytokines are important for?
providing language for cell-to-cell communication
65
affects macrophage migration during delayed hypersensitivity reactions ## Footnote A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor) C. Chemotactic factor D. IL-2
A. Migration Inhibition Fcator (MIH)
66
released by macrophages and activates helper T-cells ## Footnote A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor) C. Chemotactic factor D. IL-2
D. IL-2
67
major factor stimulating T-cell proliferation ## Footnote A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor) C. Chemotactic factor D. IL-2
B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor)
68
attracts granulocytes to affected areas ## Footnote A. Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) B. IL-2 (T cell growth factor) C. Chemotactic factor D. IL-2
C. Chemotactic factor
69
flame cell
70
Grape/Mott cell

Hematology I & II (9 decks)

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