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Hematology I & II > Acute Leukemias > Flashcards

Acute Leukemias Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of acute leukemias?

A
  • AML: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
  • ALL: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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2
Q

2 factors that provide porgnostic information

A
  • cytogenetic analysis
  • cell surface antigens
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3
Q

3 substances that predict an inferior outcome

A
  • CD34
  • P-glycoprotein
  • FLT3 gene
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4
Q

Classification of Anemia

  • more than 30% blasts suffice for diagnosis
A

French-American-British classification

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5
Q

Classification of Anemia

  • based on morphological characteristics of Wright-stained cell
  • based on cell type & cell maturity
A

FAB classification

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6
Q

Frech-American-British classification

AML:

ALL:

A

AML: M0-M7

ALL: L1-L3

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7
Q

Leukemia Classification

  • more than 20% blasts suffice for diagnosis
A

World Health Organization (WHO) classification

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8
Q

Leukemia Classfication

  • morphology
  • cytochemistry immunophenotype
  • genetic
  • clinical features
A

WHO classification

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9
Q

Leukemias with __(1)__ & __(2)__ are frequently characterized by an unfavorable response to therapy

A
  1. complex karyotypes
  2. partial deletions/loss of chromosomes
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10
Q

Which classification is now the standard of diagnosis?

A

WHO classification

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11
Q

AML is also known as?

A
  • *A**cute Myelogenous Leukemia or
  • *A**cute Myeloid Leukemia
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12
Q

most common leukemia subtype

A

Acute myeloid leukemia

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13
Q

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

blasts evolve from?

A

common myeloid precursors

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14
Q

AML involves genetis disruption of?
*There are two.

A
  1. FLT3 gene
  2. Core-binding factor (CBF) complex
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15
Q

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

FLT3 encodes what type of enzyme to perform leukemogenesis?

A

Type III Receptor Tyrosine Kinase

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16
Q

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

regulates hematopoiesis & normal myeloid development

A

Core-binding facyor (CBF) complex

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17
Q

constitute AML with favorable prognosis

A

t(16,16) (p13q22)

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18
Q
  • undifferentiated myeloid blasts
  • not otherwise categorized in WHO classification
  • do not fulfill criteria for inclusion
A

FAB M0

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19
Q
  • AML without maturation
  • myeloblasts and promyelocytes predominate
A

FAB M1

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20
Q

pink/red rod-shaped cytoplasmic structures

A

Auer rods

21
Q

represents fused primary granules

A

Auer rods

22
Q

AML with acquired pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly

A

FAB M1

23
Q

Which AMLs have auer rods?

A
  • FAB M1
  • FAB M2
  • FAB M3
24
Q
  • AML with maturation
  • t(8;21)
A

FAB M2

25
Q

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

A

FAB M3

26
Q

most aggressive of acute leukemias with a severe bleeding
tendency

A

FAB M3

27
Q

cell with mass or bundles of Auer rods

A

Faggot cells

28
Q

contains Faggot cells

A

FAB M3

29
Q
  • t(15;17)
  • increased incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
A

FAB M3

30
Q

Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia

A

FAB M4

31
Q

FAB M4/Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia is also known as?

A

Naegeli’s Type of Monocytic Leukemia

32
Q

variant of FABM4

A

FAB M4Eo

33
Q

BM aspiration reveals myeloblasts & monoblasts with abnormal eosinophils

A

FAB M4Eo

34
Q

inversion of chromosome 16

A

inv (16)

35
Q

inv(16) is laso known as

A

t(16;16)

36
Q

most cells are monocytic

A

FAB M5

37
Q

FAB M5a is also known as
*There are two.

A
  • Acute Monoblastic Leukemia
  • Schilling’s type of Acute Leukemia
38
Q

large monoblasts ≥ 80% in the bone marrow and
peripheral blood

A

Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

39
Q

Acuye Monocytic Leukemia

A

FAB M5b

40
Q
  • t(8;16)
  • monoblasts, promonocytes, monocytes
A

FAB M5b

41
Q

blasts frequently have a muddy or smoggy gray-blue
cytoplasm

A

FAB M5

42
Q

FAB M6 is also known as?
*There are three.

A
  • Acute Erythroleukemia
  • Di Guglielmo Syndrome
  • Erythemic Myelosis
43
Q

> 50% erythroblasts (orthochromatic normoblasts)

A

FAB M6

44
Q

Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

A

FAB M7

45
Q

50% or more of the blasts are of megakaryocytic lineage

A

FAB M7

46
Q

Immunophenotyping reveals that megakaryoblasts express
one or more of the platelet glycoproteins which are?

A

CD41 or CD61

47
Q

t(1;22)(p13;q13)

A

FAB M7

48
Q

3 monocytic lineage

A
  1. CD14
  2. CD11b
  3. CD11c
49
Q

Erythroblasts consist of?

A
  • glycophorin A
  • Hb A

Hematology I & II (9 decks)

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