Lesson 9 - Exam Two Flashcards
As we move from large arteries to small arteries, what will change?
- Elastic tissue will decrease.
- Smooth muscle proportion will increase.
True or false: The circulatory system is a discontinuous circuit.
FALSE - The circulatory system is a continuous circuit, starting with the left ventricle and ending in the right atrium.
___________ are high-pressure, and provide resistance
Arteries.
_______ are low-pressure, provide capacitance, and are quite compliant.
Veins.
As you move from artery to vein, what will change?
- Intima (inner most layer of vessel) will stay the same size.
- Media (middle layer of vessel) will decrease in size.
- Adventita (outer most layer of vessel) will increase in size.
True or false: The liver and spleen are the only two structues that have sinusoids, instead of capillaries.
FALSE - The liver, spleen, and bone marrow commonly have sinusoids instead of capillaries.
The function of arterial smooth muscle:
Provides peripheral resistance, and controls blood pressure.
True or false: all functions of the cardiovascular system occurs in the capillary bed.
TRUE.
What are the 3 routes for blood flow from arteries to veins?
- True capillaries.
- Thoroughfare channels
- Metarterioles.
_____________ are shunts, commonly found in the skin of the nose/lips/external ear, submucosa of the nose, alimentary canal, and erectile tissues.
Thoroughfare channels.
______________ Not has exchange vessels, but used for thermo-regulation in the skin.
Metarterioles.
True or false? Precapillary sphincters, the bands of smooth muscle before capillaries, respond only to parasympathetic input.
FALSE - Precapillary sphincters only respond to local factors.
What nerve type innervates smooth muscle in arterioles?
Sympathetic nerves.
__________ capillaries have continuous overlapping basal lamina and cytoplasm.
Continuous capillaries.
___________ capillaries have pores in the cytoplasm with or without a diaphragm. These are found most in the renal tubules, small intestine villi, and endocrine cells.
Fenestrated.
Where are fenestrated capillaries most commonly found?
The small intestine villi, endocrine cells, and renal tubules.
True or false: Fenestrated capillaries with out a diaphragm are a specialized structure found in the glomerulus of the kidney. This functions to use the basal lamina as a permeability barrier.
TRUE.
___________ capillaries have a fragmented or absent basal lamina. Present large cytoplasmic gaps, that allow blood to flow from the arterioles, to the sinusoids, and into the venules.
Discontinuous.
Where are discontinuous capillaries most commonly found?
Venous sinusoids.