Lesson #4

Question 1

Name the organelles of concern in this course:

Answer 1

Nucleus, plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and cytoskeleton.

Question 2

_____ ___________ utilizes secretions and signaling by ligands.

Answer 2

Cell communication.

Question 3

Which glands create products that are very high in glycoproteins and water? What stain would we use for them?

Answer 3

1. Mucous glands.
2. Period Acid Schiff (PAS)

Question 4

Mixed glands contain both ________ and _________ cells.

Answer 4

Mucous and serous cells.

Question 5

Which glands create products that are extremely eosinophillic, and high in proteins and water. What stain would we use for them?

Answer 5

1. Serous glands.
2. H&E - (Eosinophillic = eosin stain)

Question 6

which of the following would occur when an entire cells goes through apoptosis and releases it’s secretions into the extracellular matrix?

a. Apocrine.
b. Halocrine.
c. Merocrine/eccrine.
d. cytocrine.

Answer 6

B - Halocrine.
Ex - Sebaceous glands.

Question 7

Which of the following would occur when a secretion is released into the extracellular space by its vesicle contents (contents only) being released?

a. Merocrine/Eccrine.
b. Cytocrine.
c. Halocrine.
d. Apocrine.

Answer 7

A - Merocrine/eccrine.
- Ex - Salivary glands.

Question 8

A hormone that is important for sex differentiation needs to be secreted and transferred to another cell, what mechanism could we use to make this occur?

Answer 8

Cytocrine communication - Where the whole viable cell is secreted into the extracellular space, where it can transfer its secretion to another cell.

Question 9

Name an example of cytocrine communication:

Answer 9

Melanin is transferred from melanocytes to keratinocytes.

Question 10

_________ secretion occurs when an entire secretory vesicle, and it’s contents, are excreted out of the cell.

Answer 10

Apocrine
Ex- Mammary glands.

Question 11

_________: A ligand is secreted into the matrix.

Answer 11

Exocrine.

Question 12

_________: A ligand is released in the blood to be transported to another cell.

Answer 12

Endocrine.

Question 13

__________: A ligand is transported from one cell to a neighboring cell.

Answer 13

Paracrine.

Question 14

__________: A ligand acts on the same cell it was released from.

Answer 14

Autocrine.

Question 15

_________: A neurotransmitter is regulated by the impulses of electrical conduction.

Answer 15

Synaptic.

Question 16

In depression, there are very low levels of serotonin. The antidepressant Prozac will block uptake of serotonin into the pre-synaptic cells, and increase serotonin levels. This is an example of what?

Answer 16

This is an example of inhibiting synaptic communication, to help treat a disease.