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BMS 460 > Lesson #3 > Flashcards

Lesson #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which primary germ layers does epithelium arise from?

A
  1. Mesoderm.
  2. Endoderm.
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2
Q

Which primary germ layers does connective tissue arise from?

A
  1. Primarily from the mesoderm.
  2. A small portion of crainial tissue will arise from ectoderm.
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3
Q

Which primary germ layers does nervous tissue arise from?

A

The ectoderm.

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4
Q

Which primary germ layer does muscle tissue arise from?

A

The mesoderm.

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5
Q

___________ is responsible for the primary functions of a solid organ.

A

Parenchyma.

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6
Q

Which structure supports the parenchyma, which structure allows vessels in and out?

A
  1. Stroma.
  2. Hilum.
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7
Q

Cortex =

A

Outer region.

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8
Q

Medulla =

A

Inner region.

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9
Q

What is an example of a solid organ with both a cortex and medulla?

A

Adrenal gland.

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10
Q

True or false: Glands and glandular secretions are common in both solid and hallow organs.

A

FALSE - Glands and glandular secretions are only common in hallow organs.

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11
Q

Fixation in histology uses:

A

Chemical fixatives or snap freezing (Nitrogen and dry ice)

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12
Q

What are the three kinds of media that are used in embedding in histology?

A
  1. Paraffin.
  2. Plastic.
  3. Optimum cutting temp (OCT) compound.
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13
Q

How thick cut are paraffin samples in histology?

A

5-6 um.

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14
Q

How thick cut are thick paraffin samples in histology?

A

1 um.

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15
Q

How thick cut are thin paraffin samples in histology?

A

60-70 nm.

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16
Q

Which of the following dyes is basic, and will stain acidic or basophillic substances?

a. Toludine blue.
b. Periodic acid schiff.
c. Hematoxylin.
d. Eosin.

A

C - Hematoxylin.

17
Q

Which of the following dyes is acidic, and will stain basic or acidophillic substances?

a. Toludine blue.
b. Periodic acid schiff.
c. Hematoxylin.
d. Eosin.

A

D - Eosin.

18
Q

Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) will stain what?

A

Glycoproteins.

19
Q

Toludine Blue stain is considered to be _________.

A

Trichome.

20
Q

Name 2 examples of glands that do both exocrine and endocrine secretion.

A
  1. Liver - Secretes bile in and exocrine manner, and secretes protein serum in an endocrine (into blood) manner.
  2. Pancreas.
21
Q

This structure is characterized by basal infoldings of the plasma membrane, and ion pumping activity.

A

Striated ducts.

22
Q

Which of the following is not true of hepatocytes?

a. It has a wide range of highly complex functions.

b. It has a euchromatic basophilic nucleus, that can be seen with hematoxylin.

c. It has an eosinophilic cytoplasm with patches of basophilia due to the presence of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

d. All portions of the hepatocyte can be seen with a PAS stain, because it’s nucleus contains a high number of glycoproteins.

A

D - False. Hepatocytes do not have a large number of glycoproteins in their membrane.

23
Q

Explain the chemical reactions within the periodic acid Schiff reaction:

A
  1. The periodic acid portion will convert 1,2-glycol OR 1,2-aminoalcohol of glycoproteins into aldehydes.
  2. The Schiff reagent will react with the aldehydes to produce a red-purple coloration.
  3. This will show the basement membrane, glycocalyx, and mucous.
24
Q

What is the primary function of a stain in histology?

A

To provide contrast to cellular structures, and make them more easily visible.

25
Q

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells (PNECs) can be seen with what stains? Why is this relevant?

A
  1. TB and basic fuschin, not with H&E or PAS.
  2. this shows that several stains make work to achieve them same goal, or work in tandem.
26
Q

Eosin specifically stains what cells?

A

Paneth cells.

27
Q

Steps of immunohistochemistry:

A
  1. Antibodies are applied to a specific tissue, if the tissue contains the targeted antigen, the antibodies will bind.
  2. Analysis of the antigen-antibody complexes will be viewed either under fluorescence microscopy, or stained and then use bright-field microscopy.
28
Q

What condition commonly uses immunohistochemistry? Why?

A
  1. Cancer.
  2. It allows us to determine what cell the cancer arose from, by analyzing its antigens.

BMS 460 (10 decks)

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