Lesson 8 Assessment of Cardiovascular Flashcards
The part of the ventral surface of the body overlying the heart and stomach and compromising the epigastrium and the lower median part of thorax
Precordium
What topographical landmark consists of 2nd ICS to the right of sternum
Aortic Area
What topographical landmark consists of 2nd ICS to the left of sternum
Pulmonic Area
What topographical landmark consists of 5th ICS to left of sternal border
Tricuspid
What topographical landmark consists of 5th ICS of sternum just medial to MCL
Mitral
First heart sound
Systolic - S1
Signals the closure of AV valves and the beginning of systole
Systolic - S1
Consists of mitral M1 and tricuspid T1
Systolic - S1
What type of heart sound consists of loudest at the apex?
Systolic - S1
Second Heart sound
Diastolic - S2
Signals the closure of semilunar valves and the end of systole
Diastolic - S2
What type of heart sound consists of loudest at the base?
Diastolic - S2
Corresponds respectively to “lub dub” sound
S1 & S2
Is the result of vibration produced during ventricular filling and is usually heard in children and young adults
S3
Is caused by the recoil of vibrations between atria and ventricles following atrial contraction
S4
Rarely heard as a heart sound and is usually indicative of further cardiac evaluation
S4
In pumping ability, what is considered venous return
Preload
How many L of blood per minute throughout the body?
4 to 6 L
In pumping ability, what is considered the opposing pressure the ventricles must generate to open aortic valve
Afterload
What developmental considerations belongs to transition from fetal circulation to postnatal circulation?
Infants
In infants, what occurs in 9 months that is an anatomical closure?
Foramen ovale
In infants, S1 and S2 sounds (answer) on auscultation.
Similarly
In infants, pulse rate is…
120/min
In infants, what position is the heart? and until what age?
Horizontal position (until 7 years age)
In pregnant females, by the end of pregnancy blood volume (answer) by (answer) %
Increases: 30 to 40 %
In pregnant females, what happens to stroke volume and cardiac output?
Increases
In pregnant females, what happens to BP? and why?
Decreases due to vasodilation
Swelling of legs or dependent body part due to increased interstitial fluid
Edema
Occurs with myocardial infarction or low cardiac output
Cyanosis or pallor
Occurs with heart failure to a person who is ambulatory for the day
Nocturia
In cardiovascular assessment, palpation should begin in the…
Apical impulse
Point of maximal impulse or PMI
Apical impulse
