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Health Assessment LEC > Lesson 7 (Thorax and lung Assessment) > Flashcards

Lesson 7 (Thorax and lung Assessment) Flashcards

1
Q

Four components of a respiratory assessment

A

INSPECTION

PALPATION

PERCUSSION

AUSCULTATION

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2
Q

Forms the thorax (chest) portion of the body

A

thorax cage (rib cage)

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3
Q

The ribs are anchored,,,

A

Posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)

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4
Q

how many pairs of ribs in the human body

A

12

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5
Q

What protects the heart and lungs?

A

Thoracic cage

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6
Q

The ribs are classified as…

A

True ribs (1-7) and false ribs (8-12)

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7
Q

The last two pairs of false ribs are also known as…

A

Floating ribs (11-12)

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8
Q

It is the elongated bony structure that anchors the anterior thoracic cage

A

Sternum

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9
Q

The sternum consists of three parts:

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

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10
Q

wide superior portion of the sternum

A

manubrium

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11
Q

The top of the manubrium has a shallow, U-shaped border called…

A

Jugular (suprasternal) notch

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12
Q

The elongated, central portion of the sternum is the…

A

Body

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13
Q

The inferior tip of the sternum is…

A

Xiphoid process

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14
Q

This small structure is cartilaginous in the early stages of life, but gradually becomes ossified during middle age.

A

Xiphoid process

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15
Q

It is located between the rib cage (sternum) and the shoulder blade (Scapula)

A

Clavicle

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16
Q

It is the bone that connects the arm to the body.

A

Clavicle

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17
Q

Anterior chest landmarks

A

Midsternal line
Midclavicular line
Anterior axillary line

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18
Q

Posterior chest landmarks

A

Left-scapular line
Vertebrae line
Right-scapular line

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19
Q

It is the eponymous name given to the sternal angle which is the palpable anatomical feature formed from the manubriosternal junction

A

Angle of locus

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20
Q

What type of joint is the angle of locus?

A

Synarthrosis

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21
Q

A type of joint characterized as a fibrous connection between two bones

A

Synarthrosis

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22
Q

What are the two bones in the synarthrosis joint?

A

Manubrium and Sternal

23
Q

What are the lobes in the right lung?

A

Upper
Middle
Lower

24
Q

What are the lobes in the left lung?

A

Upper
Lower

25
Q

Shape of chest wall and spine
Scars in inspection

A

Surgery

26
Q

Prominent veins in inspection

A

SVC obstruction

27
Q

RR in inspection

A

Normal values

28
Q

Chest wall movement in inspection

A

symmetrical, hyperinflated, paradoxical etc

29
Q

The chest and abdomen move in the same direction during breathing.

A

Symmetry

30
Q

occurs when air gets trapped in lungs and caused them to overinflate

A

Hyperinflated lungs

31
Q

An obvious sign that the portion of the chest wall is not assisting with function

A

Paradoxical movement

32
Q

Palpation includes:

A

Tenderness

Position of apex beat

Chest wall expansion

33
Q

The actual beat you can feel is the very tip of the…

A

Left ventricle

34
Q

As you feel the apex beat, it should be on time with what pulse?

A

Carotid pulse

35
Q

Assessing for chest expansion (symmetric or asymmetric) provides clues in regards to the presence of…

A

Chest wall pathology, lung volume loss or obstruction

36
Q

The normal range of chest expansion is…

A

(2-5 cm)

37
Q

Percussion includes:

A

1) compare both sides

2) start over the clavicles move down anterior chest, ensure to percuss over lateral chest

38
Q

Breath sounds in Auscultation

A

Normal

Absent

Reduced

Bronchial

39
Q

Resonant

A

Normal lung sounds

40
Q

Dullness

A

areas of increased density/decreased air (consolidation, collapse, fibrosis, abscess, neoplasm)

41
Q

Stony dull

A

unique for pleural effusion

42
Q

Hyper resonant

A

areas of decreased density-increased air (pneumothorax)

43
Q

Normal breath sound

A

Rustling

44
Q

Reduced breath sound

A

local = effusion, tumor, pneumothorax, pneumonia or collapse. global = COPD or asthma (life threatening)

45
Q

Has a hollow blowing quality

A

“bronchial” breathing

46
Q

Bronchial breath sound

A

consolidation, abscess, fibrosis, upper edge effusion. Exp sounds longer than inspiratory

47
Q

Added sounds

A

Wheeze

Crackles

Rub

Stridor

48
Q

whistling from narrowing of the airways

A

wheeze

49
Q

air entering collapsed airway.

A

Crackles

50
Q

heard at end of inspiration frominflamedpleural surfaces

A

Rub

51
Q

inspiratory, musical, very loud, monophonic wheeze (crowing sound).

A

Stridor

52
Q

Caused by laryngeal spasm and mucosal swelling which contracts the vocal cords and narrows the airways

A

Stridor

53
Q

usually occurs with upper airway infection / obstruction.

A

stridor

Health Assessment LEC (23 decks)

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