Lesson 5 (Abnormal Skin findings) Flashcards
It is a bright red birthmark that shows up at birth or in the first and second week of life.
Hemangioma
It is a permanent birthmark.
Port-Wine Stain
It is smooth, flat, pink, red or purple patch on a newborn that may get darker and raised or bumpy over time
Port-Wine Stain
This condition gets its name because it looks like someone spilled or splashed dark red wine on skin.
Port-Wine Stain
Other name for Port-Wine Stain
Nevus Flammeus
It is also known as the spider nevus or spider telangiectasia
Spider (star) angioma
A small red or purple mark on the skin caused by dilated (wide) blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface on the skin.
Spider (star) angioma
It is a small, dark blue to purple slightly elevated papules.
Venous Lake
Commonly appeared on sun-exposed areas such as the lips, face, ears, neck and back of hand of the hand of elderly people
Venous Lake
They are benign, but often confused with melanoma
Venous Lake
These are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding
Petechiae
They can be caused by a simple injury, straining or more serious conditions.
Petechiae
Commonly appear in clusters and may look like rash.
Petechiae
It is also called blood spots or skin hemorrhages
Purpura
Two main types of Purpura
Thrombocytopenic purpura (Low platelet count)
Nonthrombocytopenic purpura
(Normal platelet count)
The two main types of Purpura are related to…
Blood platelet levels
Are tiny, dot-like Purpura
Petechiae
Purpura is between ( _ ) millimeters/mm and ( _ ) mm in diameter
Purpura is between 4 millimeters/mm and 10 mm in diameter
Purpura larger than 1 cm is called…
Ecchymosis (or bruises)
A medical term for bruises
Ecchymosis
A bruise, or contusion, is skin discoloration from damaged, leaking blood vessels underneath the skin
Ecchymosis
It is generally defined as the collection of blood outside of blood vessels
Hematoma
caused by an injury to the wall of a blood vessel, prompting blood to seep out of the vessel into the surrounding tissues
Hematoma
Defined as a solid swelling of clotted blood within the body’s tissues.
Hematoma
Defined as skin discoloration resulting from bleeding underneath the skin
Ecchymosis
Types of Skin Lesion
Tinea
Measles
Varicella
Herpes
Psoriasis
Dermatitis
Eczema
Impetigo
Also known as ring worm
Tinea corporis
Childhood infection caused by a virus
Measles (Rubeola)
An infection that mostly affects the skin and lymph nodes (not the same virus that causes Measles)
German Measles (Rubella)
An infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus
Chickenpox (Varicella)
The infection lasts for a lifetime, and it causes painful or itchy sores and blisters that come and go.
Herpes simplex
Two types of Herpes simplex
Herpes simplex 1
Herpes simplex 2
Commonly referred as oral herpes
Herpes simplex 1
Commonly referred as genital herpes
Herpes simplex 2
It is also known as Shingles
Herpes Zoster
It is the reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), the same virus that causes Chickenpox (Varicella)
Herpes Zoster
It is a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp.
Psoriasis
It is a common, long-term (chronic) disease with no cure.
Psoriasis
It is an itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or allergic reaction to it.
Contact dermatitis
It is a common and highly contagious skin infection that affects infants and young children caused by one or both of the following bacteria: group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.
Impetigo
It usually appears as reddish shores on the face, especially around the nose and mouth and on the hands and feet.
Impetigo
Types of Malignant Lesions
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma
It is a type of skin cancer that forms in the basal cells of your skin
Basal Cell Carcinoma
It is a common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells that makes up the middle and outers layers of the skin
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
It is most serious type of skin cancer, develops in the cell (melanocytes) that produces melanin.
Malignant melanoma
It is a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
It is always caused by an infection with a virus called human herpesvirus 8.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Types of Abnormal Hair Findings
Tinea capitis
Alopecia
Infection
Folliculitis
Hirsutism
It causes crusty or oily patches on a baby’s scalp.
Cradle cap
What is a possible contribution to Cradle cap
Hormones passed from Mother to Child and Yeast (fungal) infection called Malassezia
It is a rash caused by fungal infection. Usually itchy, scaly, bald patches on the head.
Tinea Capitis (scalp ringworm)
A common skin condition that happens when hair follicles became inflamed.
Folliculitis
Folliculitis is usually infected by a bacteria called
Staphylococcus aureus (Staph)
A condition that causes excessive growth on certain parts of the body.
Hirsutism
Type of Abnormal Nail Findings
Spoon nails
Paronychia
Beau’s line
Splinter hemorrhage
Onycholysis
It is also known as “Koilonychia”.
Spoon Nail
“Koilonychia” comes from the Greek word ( _ ), which means Hollow. (_) refers to nail conditions.
Koilonychia” comes from the Greek word Koilos, which means Hollow. Nychia refers to nail conditions.
It is a skin infection ‘around’ the fingernails or toenails.
Paronychia
A type of Paronychia comes on suddenly and may not last long
Acute Paronychia
A type of Paronychia that lasts longer and may occur on fingers or toes.
Chronic Paronychia
It is a horizontal ridges or dents in one or more fingernails or toenails.
Beau’s Lines
These are small areas of bleeding (hemorrhaging) under nails.
Splinter Hemorrhage
A condition in which the nail separates from the skin
Onycholysis
Special Considerations of the Skin, Hair, and Nail Assessment
Developmental, Psychosocial, Cultural, and Environmental
Developmental Considerations
Pediatric
Pregnant females
Geriatric
Psychosocial
Considerations
Stress-induced illnesses
Visible skin disorders and self-esteem/body image
Skills Required For Psychosocial Assessment
Excellent communication skills
Ability to pose questions with tact
Sympathetic nature
Ability to bond with the patient
