Lesson 8 Flashcards by Thomas Moore

The GI tract is comprised of

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines

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The esophagus extends from _____ to ______

Cricoid cartilage to smotach

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The majority of the esophagus lies in the ________, the terminal part is in the ________

Thoracic

Abdomen

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at T7 the espogphagus passes anterior to the _____

Aorta

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At t7 the espophagus -_____

Penetrates the diaphragm at the esophageal hiatus

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The right margin of the esophagus is continuous with the _____

Lesseer curvature of the stomach

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The left margin of the esophagus is seperated from the fundus by the -______

Cardiac notch

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Terminal portion of the esophagus lies in a groove in the left portion of the liver and enters the stoamach at the _______

Cardiac orifice

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Where the esophagus and the stomach meet is known as the _____________

Esophageal gastric junction

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What slows the passage of food into the stomach and prevents reflux

Lower esophageal sphincter

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4 regions of the stomach

Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

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2 sub regions of the pylorus

Antrum and canal

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Stomach is supplied by all three branches of

Celiac artery

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Left gastric artery supplies _________ of stomach

Lesser curvature and part of fundus

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Splenic artery suplies __________ of stomach

Lateral fundus via short gastric arteries

Greater curvature via left gastro-epiploic artery

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The common hepatic artery supplies ________ of the stomach

Greater curvature via right gastric

Right gastro epiploic arteries

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Veins from stomach _______

Follow the same names as the arteries

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4 portions of duodenum

Duodenal bulb

Descending portion

Transverse duodenum

Ascending duodenum

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Which parts of duodenal are intra nad which are retro

Retro: descending and transverse

Intra: ascending, duodenal

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Jejunum and ilem are the ___ and ___ portion of the small bowel

2nd and 3rd

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The jejunum and ilem are retro or intra

Intra

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The small bowell extends from

Duodenojejunal flexure to the right iliac fossa

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The small bowel is _____ long

5.8 meters

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Most of what takes place in the small bowell

Digestive processes

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The small bowe lis connected ______ by ______

Posteriorly by the mesentery

The large bowel is reffered to as the

Colon

The large bowel begins/ends

Begins at terminal ileum and ends at the anus

Large bowel is divided into 7 portions

``` Cecum Ascending colon Transverse Descending Sigmoid Rectum Anus ```

What portions of the large bowel are retro

``` Cecum Ascending Descending Rectum Anus ```

What are the right and left colic flexures

Hepatic on right Splenic on left

The appendix arrises from the

Cecum

Where is mcburneys point and what does it mark

1/3 of the distance between a line drawn from the ASIS and the umbilicus,. Marks the appendix location

The pancreas is retro or intra

Retro

What is the orientation of the pancreas, extending from where to where

Horizontal oblique Extends from duodenum to hilum of spleen

The _______ process projects inferiorly from pancreas and is _____ to the duodenum

Uncinate Posterior

________ runs posterior to the neck, body and tail of the pancreas

Splenic vein

The posterior surfacce of the body relates with the ____, ____ and the _____

Sma smv and splenic artery

The pancreas is supplied by and drained by

The splenic artery Splenic vein

Main pancreatic duct is also called

Duct of wirsung

The main pancreatic duct begins at and empties into

Begins at the tail and empties int the descending duodenum

The accessory pancreatic duct is also called the

Duct of santorini

The accessory panc duct enters the duodenum _____ to where the main panc duct does

Superior

Right and left hepatic ducts have a _______ location

Intrahepatic

Right and left hepatic ducts drain

RT and LT lobs of bile

The R and L hepatic ducts join at level of

Liver hilum

The liver hilum is more commonly refered to as the

Porta hepatis

The RIGHT AND LEFT hepatic ducts form to create the

Common hepatic duct

The common hepatic duct becomes the _________ after recieving bile from the ______

CBD Cystic

The cystic duct extends from ___ to ____

GB neck to CHD

Common bile ducts is _______ the liver

Outside

CBD is _____ continuations of common hepatic duct

Inferior

The CBD enters the decending duodenum through the ___________

Sphincter of oddi

CBD runs posterior to ___________ and _____

The 1st portion of the duodenum and the pancreatic head

The _______ joins the CBD before entering the duodenum

Pancratic duct

The kidneys are intra or retro

Retro

Kidneys are against what muscle

Psoas

Superior portions of kidneys are the level of ___ and ___ ribs

11th and 12th

Right kidney is more ____ then left

Inferior

The medial of border of the kidney is ____, lateral border is ______

Concave, Convex

Whats it calleed when kidney slips out from protective layers

NephroPtosis

What is the result of nephroptosis

Hydronephrosis

5 protecting levels of kidney superficial to medial

``` Floating ribs Pararenal fat Gerotas fascia Perirenal fat Renal capsule ```

What is the renal hilum

Medial border where blood vesels enter and exit

What plane is the hilum located

Transpyloric

Structure located at the renal hilum(3)

Uretuer Renal artery Renal vein

Renal arteries lie ____ to renal veins

Posterior

RRA runs directly _____ to the IVC

Posterior

____ of cardias output passes through the kidney to be filtered

1/3

L renal vein passes directly ____ to the SMA and ____ to the aorta

Posterior Anterior

The renal veins carries ________

Purified blood away from kidneys

Where do the ureters originate and lie

Originate in renal pelvis Lie medial to renal hilum

Upper expanded end of the ureter receives urine from the

Renal pelvis

The ureters are retro or intra

Retro

The ureters cross the iliac arteries _____

Anteriorly

Kidneys are ______ to QL _________ to psoas major muscle

Anterior Anterolateral

Adrenal glands are

Bilateral

Adrenal glands are retro or intra

Retro

Adrenal glands are ____ and slighty _____ to each kidney

Superior and slightly medial

The adrenal gland is enclosed in ______ with the kidney

Gerotas fascia

The adrenals are also known as

Suprarenal glands

The adrenal glands are supplied with blood from ______ suprarenal arteries called ___

3 Superior, middle, inferior

The 3 suprarenal arteries branch bilaterally from __, ___ ,____

Inferior phrenic, aorta and renal arteries

The adrenal glands are each drained by ___ suprarenal vein