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Cross Sectional Anatomy > Head > Flashcards

Head Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most usefull visualizations of the brain and why

A

Ct and MRI

Bone obscures US

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2
Q

_____ brain is seen well on US because ____

A

Fetal

Thinner bone structure

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3
Q

Vasculature structures of the circle of willis can be assessed on ________ in adults

A

Transcranial doppler (TCD)

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4
Q

Layers of the SCALP

A 
Skin 
Connective tissue 
Aponeurosis 
Loose areolar tissue 
Periosteum
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5
Q

The connective tissue of the scalp is made of _______ that holds ________ (2)

A

Subcutanrous fat and fibrous tissue that holds nerves and vessels

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6
Q

The aponeurosis of the scalp is made of

A

Dense fibrous tissue

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7
Q

Loose areolar tissue of the scalp contains ______ and allows _____-

A

Collagen and allows upper layers to move around

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8
Q

The Dura mater is ________ pierced only by ______ (3)

A

Tough outer layer pierced only by cranial nerves, carotid vessels and vertebral vessels

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9
Q

2 layers of the dura mater

A

Endosteal layer

Meningeal layer

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10
Q

Arachnoid mater is _________

What flow through this layer________

Arachnoid villi protrude into ______________

A

Thin delicate middle layer

Vessels flow through this layer

Arachnoid villi protrude into dural venous sinuses (CSF reabsorption)

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11
Q

Pia mater is ________ and is continuous with ________

A

Innermost thin vascular layer continuous with contours of the brain

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12
Q

Falx cerebri

A

Portion of dura that divide down into between the 2 hemispheres

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13
Q

6 types of cranial bones, which have pairs?

A 
Ethmoid
Sphenoid 
Frontal 
Occipital 
Temporal (paired)
Parietal (paired)
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14
Q

Gyrus

A

Outpouching part of brain tissue (mountain)

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15
Q

Sulcus

A

Portion that is recessed in (valley)

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16
Q

Central sulcus

A

Large coronal sulcus dividing frontal and parietal lobe

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17
Q

Sylvian fissure

A

Paired

Fissure on lateral aspect dividing temporal lobe below from frontal and parietal lobes above

18
Q

Sylvian fissure ends in the

A

Insula

19
Q

LOOK AT GRAPH FOR FACIAL

But types of facial bones with whether paired or not

A 
Mandible (1)
Maxillae (2) 
Lacrimal (2) 
Vomer (1) 
Palatine (2) 
Inferior nasal conchae(2) 
Zygomatic (2) 
Nasal (2)
20
Q

Fontanelles are

A

Junctions of the skull sutures that have not yet ossified

21
Q

Fontanelles are usually ossified by

A

18 months

22
Q

4 regions of the brain

A

Cerebral hemisphere
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brainstem

23
Q

Deincephalon breakdown

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

24
Q

Brainstem breakdown

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

25
Q

What sits in the cella

A

Pituitary gland

26
Q

Corpus callosum is the

A

Largest fiber pathway in brain linking left and right cerebral hemispheres

27
Q

4 parts of the corposum callosum

A

Rostrum
Genu
Isthmus (body)
Splenium

28
Q

The corpus callosum forms what borders around the lateral ventricles

A

Anterior, superior and posterior

29
Q

What are the ventricles of the brains

What are they filled with

Where are they located

A

Are a comunicating network of cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid and located within the brain parenchyma

30
Q

What is the ventricular system composed of?

A

2 lateral ventricles, the 3rd ventricle, cerebral aqueduct and 4th ventricle

31
Q

What is located within the ventricles? What does it produce?

A

Choroid plexus’

Produce csf

32
Q

Csf fills the _____ and _______ following a cycle of constant ______ and _______

A

Ventricles and subarachnoid space

Production and reabsorption

33
Q

The interventricular foramen is also called

A

Formen of munroe

34
Q

Aqueduct of midbrain is also called

A

Aqueduct of sylvius

35
Q

What is between the thalamus

A

3rd ventricle

36
Q

Basal ganglia is clusters of ________ located lateral to the _______

A

Grey matter

Diencephalon

37
Q

The basal ganglia is seperated from the diencephalon by the ________

A

Internal capsule (area of white matter)

38
Q

Parts of the basal ganglia

A 
Caudate nucleus 
Putamen 
Globus pallidus 
Claustrum 
Amygdala
39
Q

The 5th lobe of the brain is the

A

Insula

40
Q

Fontanelles names (5)

A

Anterior
Posterior
Sphenoid / temporal
Mastoid

Cross Sectional Anatomy (26 decks)

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