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Cross Sectional Anatomy > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the abdominal cavity (sup, inf, anter, post, laterally)

A 
S- diaphragm
I - Pelvis brim (linea terminalis)
A- Umbilicus, skin, muscles 
P- vetebrae and posterior muscles
L- skin and muscles
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2
Q

Describe the 5 sections of the spine and how many vertebrae are in each

A 
Cervical 1-7 
Thoracic 1-12
Lumbar 1-5 
Sacrum 5 fused segments 
Coccyx
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3
Q

How does the diaphragm extend and to what intercostal space?

A

Extends superiorly under the rib cage and to the level of the 5th intercostal space

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4
Q

Describe the extension of the crus of the diaphragm and where it extends to.

A

Extends down to the upper lumbar vertebrae bilaterally

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5
Q

Describe the three structures that pass through the diaphragm and at what vertebral level they pass. Also say their anterior/ posterior position

A

Aorta (aorta hiatus), T12, most posterior, most inferior.

IVC (cava hiatus), T8, most anterior, most superior.

Esophagus (esophageal hiatus), T10, middle of other two in both directions

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6
Q

Describe the pelvic brim and it’s scientific name and what it decides

A

Linea terminalis

Line from sacral promontory following around arcuate line to symphysis pubis

Division between abdominal and pelvic cavities

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7
Q

The abdomen has no _____________

A

Bony reinforcements or protection

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8
Q

The anterolateral abdominal wall consists entirely of how many paired muscles

A

4

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9
Q

____________ envelopes the abdominal muscles

A

Fascia

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10
Q

The posterior abdominal wall consists of ________ ________ _______ as well as how many muscle groups?

A

Lumbar spine bodies and 2 muscle groups

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11
Q

What are the 2 muscle groups in the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Papas major and quadratics lumborum muscles

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12
Q

Name 3 organs in the R hypochondriacs reg

A

Liver
Gall bladder
Right kidney

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13
Q

Name 4 organs in the L hypochondriac reg

A

Stomach
Liver (tip)
Left kidney
Spleen

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14
Q

Name 4 organs in the Epigastric

A

Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Right and left kidneys

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15
Q

Name 4 organs in the R lumbar

A

Liver (tip)
Small intestines
Ascending colon
R. Kidney

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16
Q

Name 4 organs in the umbilical region

A

Stomach, pancreas, small intestines, transverse colon

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17
Q

Name 3 organs in the L lumbar

A

Small intestines
Descending colon
Left kidney

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18
Q

Name 4 organs in the right illiac

A

Small intestines
Appendix
Caecum
ascending colon

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19
Q

Name 3 organs in the hypo gastric

A

Small intestines
Bladder
Sigmoid colon

20
Q

Name 4 organs in the L iliac region

A

Small intestines
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon

21
Q

Where is the mid ingual point and what runs through it

A

Halfway between the pubis symphysis and anterior superior illiac spine

Femoral artery runs through

22
Q

What does osseous mean

A

Bony

23
Q

What is the one true osseous component of the abdomen and the 2 contributing factors but not really part

A

Lumbar vertebrae

Ribs and pelvis contribute

24
Q

What is aponeurosis and what do they do

A

Layer of flat broad tends

joins muscles and body parts that the muscles act upon.

25
Q

Where is aponeurosis thickest and what are 3 other regions it can be found

A

Ventral abdominal region (thickest), dorsal lumbar region, palmar and plantar

26
Q

What muscle ligament forms the ingual ligament

A

The inferior margin of the external oblique ligament

27
Q

Name the 7 core muscles

A 
External oblique 
Internal oblique 
Transverse abdominus 
Rectus abdominus
Psoas major
Quadratics lumborum 
Erector spinae
28
Q

Name the 3 lateral muscles from deep to superficial

A

Transverse, internal and external

29
Q

Where does the external oblique originate and what 3 places does it insert.

What does it move and in what direction

A

Originates from ribs
Inserts on anterior side of rectus abdominus aponerosis, iliac crest and public tubercle.

Pulls the hips up and out

30
Q

How does the external oblique extend?

A

Downward and medially

31
Q

Where does the transverse abdominus muscle originate (4) and insert

A

Originates from costal margin, lumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest and lateral half of ingual ligament

Inserts on the aponeurosis of the posterior rectus sheath

(Pulls medial and inferior)

32
Q

Fibers of the transverse abdominus run _______

A

Transverse

33
Q

Where does the internal oblique muscle originate and insert (3)

A

Originates from the Iliac crest to the inferior borders of the ribs

inserts to the aponeurosis on the lateral portion of rectus abdominus muscle, the pubic crest and ribs 10-12

34
Q

The internal oblique is _____ to the external oblique

A

Perpendicular

35
Q

The internal oblique extend _______ and _______

A

Upwards and medially

36
Q

Describe the location of the rectus abdominus

A

Anteriorly on each side of the central linea alba

37
Q

The rectus abdominus extends from _________ to the __________

A

Xiphoid processs of the sternum to the symphysis pubis

38
Q

The rectus abdominus is enclosed by

A

A sheath of the aponeurosis also holding the 3 lateral muscles

39
Q

What and where is the linea alba`

A

A fibrous structure running down the midline from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis

40
Q

Linea alba means what? is made of what ? and is formed by what?

A

Line white line

Collagen connective tissue AND FROMED BY THE APONEUROSES OF THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

41
Q

Where does the psoas major muscle originate(1) and insert (1)

A

Originates on the intervertebral discs and transverse processes of T12-L5

Inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur

42
Q

In a transvers section, the psoas muscle appear as -

A

Large muscular masses adjacent to the lumbar vertebral bodies

43
Q

Describe the appearance of the Quadratus Lumborum muscles

A

Thick muscular sheet

44
Q

Where does the Quadratus Lumborum originate (2) and insert (1)

A

Origin is the illiac crest and transverse processes of L1-L4

Inserts on inferior border of the 12th rib

45
Q

In transverse section the QL appears ______ to the psoas muscle

A

Lateral and posterior to the psoas major muscles

Cross Sectional Anatomy (26 decks)

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