Lesson 6 Nervous System

Question 1

What are the three categories of headaches?

Answer 1

1. Primary - tension, migraine, and cluster
2. Secondary - caused by structural problem
3. Cranial Neuralgias - facial pain and other headaches

Question 2

What are the S&S of a headache?

Answer 2

1. headache - dull ache or acute pounding

Question 3

Treatment of headache?

Answer 3

1. Analgesics: ibuprofren, acetomenophen, naxopren

Question 4

Etiology of headache?

Answer 4

contracting muscles over the skull spasming and stressing cause pain

Question 5

What is a migraine headache?

Answer 5

1. intense, throbbing pain along with nausea and vommitting

Question 6

S&S of migraine headache?

Answer 6

1. aura
2. flashing lights
3. photophobia (sensitivity to light)
4. throbbing, nausea and vomiting

Question 7

Treatment of migraine headache?

Answer 7

1. incense
2. triptans like Imitrex
3. rest in a quiet, dark room

Question 8

What is a Cerebral Concussion?

Answer 8

1. brain trauma- may have temp. loss of consciousness
2. slowed heart rate
3. lower blood pressure

Good prognosis

Question 9

What is the treatment for Cerebral Concussion?

Answer 9

1. rest

2. mild analgesics

Question 10

What is subdural hematoma?

Answer 10

Severe blow to head with bleeding internally

Question 11

Where is the bleeding with Subdural Hematoma?

Answer 11

Between:

1. Dura mater
2. arachnoid space

Question 12

S&S of Subdural Hematoma?

Answer 12

1. Slurred speech

2. confusion

Question 13

How to diagnose Subdural Hematoma?

Answer 13

CAT scan

Question 14

Treatment for Subdural Hematoma?

Answer 14

1. craniotomy - incision into the cranium to release pressure from blood

Question 15

S&S of abusive head trauma (shaken baby syndrome)?

Answer 15

1. listless
2. lethargic
3. irritable
4. pupils don’t dialate

Question 16

What is the cause of Abusive Head Trauma?

Answer 16

Subdural Hematoma

Question 17

What is the treatment for Abusive head trauma?

Answer 17

1. medical emergency

2. immediate treatment to prevent further damage

Question 18

What is the treatment for paraplegia and quadripalegia?

Answer 18

Immediate

1. spinal alignment
2. stabilize injured spinal area
3. decompression of neurological structure
4. early rehab to minimize long term paralysis

Question 19

What is Acute Bacterial Meningitis?

Answer 19

Inflammation of meninges around brain and spinal cords. caused by bacterial or viral infection

Question 20

S&S of Acute Bacterial Meningitis?

Answer 20

1. sudden onset of severe headache
2. vomiting
3. seizures
4. stiff neck

Question 21

Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis?

Answer 21

1. antibiotics
2. corticosteroids
3. isolation

Question 22

What is Peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 22

Degeneration of nerves.

Question 23

S&S of Peripheral Neuropathy?

Answer 23

1. tingling
2. prickling
3. burning
4. sensitivity to touch

Question 24

What is the cause of Peripheral Neuropathy?

Answer 24

Diabetes, B12 deficiency,

Question 25

Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy?

Answer 25

1. Toxins must be neutralized 2. infections treated 3. bed rest 4. physical therapy

Question 26

What is Bells Palsy?

Answer 26

Facial nerves become paralyzed causing facial drooping

Question 27

Cause of Bells Palsy?

Answer 27

1. Virus-viral meningitis 2. tumors 3. Lyme disease

Question 28

Treatment of Bells Palsy?

Answer 28

Antiviral meds - but will go away within 1-8 weeks | if scarring...can cause permanent symptoms

Question 29

What is a Hemorrhagic Stroke (cerebrovascular accident)?

Answer 29

Hemorrhagic of blood vessels that supply blood to brain

Question 30

S&S of Cerebrovascular Accident?

Answer 30

1. speech difficulty 2. confusion 3. body limp (impaired consciousness) 4. double vision

Question 31

Treatment of Cerebrovascular Accident?

Answer 31

1. Salvage damaged brain tissue-surgery 2. drug therapy 3. anticoagulent

Question 32

What is a Transient Ischemic Attack?

Answer 32

insufficient blood flow to part of the brain due to small emboli...temporary

Question 33

S&S of Transient Ischemic Attack?

Answer 33

1. sudden onset of muscle weakness in arm, leg or foot on one side 2. double vision (diplopia)

Question 34

What is Epilepsy?

Answer 34

1. recurring attacks of sensory motor and psychological activity

Question 35

S&S of Epilepsy?

Answer 35

1. aura 2. uncontrollable twitch-seizure (partial or general) 3. following a head trauma 4. dizzy

Question 36

Treatment of Epilepsy?

Answer 36

anticonvulsant drugs

Question 37

What is Alzheimers Disease?

Answer 37

Neurons in the cerebral cortex become destroyed. The brain actually gets smaller.

Question 38

S&S of Alzheimers Disease?

Answer 38

1. disoriented-memory loss 2. confused 3. lost-losing items 4. anger

Question 39

Treatment of Alzheimers?

Answer 39

1. cholinesterase | 2. memantine

Question 40

What is Parkinsons Disease?

Answer 40

Loss of brain cells that make the neurotransmitter chemical dopamine. (lack of dopamine) 1. brain disease causing muscle rigidity and involuntary tremors

Question 41

S&S of Parkinsons Disease?

Answer 41

1. slow shuffle 2. rigid tremor 3. stooped over appearance

Question 42

What is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS/Lou Gehrigs)?

Answer 42

neurodegeneration of cells in brain and spinal cord...death of nerve cells *muscle deterioration

Question 43

S&S of ALS?

Answer 43

1. Difficulty swallowing and chewing 2. muscles contract involuntarily and twitch 3. eventually paralyzed

Question 44

Treatment of ALS?

Answer 44

Riluzole-slows but no cure

Question 45

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 45

destruction of lipids and protein layer in myelin sheath- | relapses

Question 46

S&S of MS?

Answer 46

1. bad vision 2. muscle weakness 3. fatigue 4. balance

Question 47

S&S of brain tumors?

Answer 47

1. headache 2. vomiting 3. memory issues 4. seizures

Question 48

Treatment of brain tumors?

Answer 48

1. surgery 2. radiation 3. chemotherapy