Lesson 5 Flashcards
When is the nominative case used?
when naming or describing the subject
Give three uses for the accusative case.
direct object, extent of time and space, motion
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
The [doctor] came into [town].
doctor: nominative (subject)
town: accusative (end motion)
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
He stayed [three months].
accusative (extent of time)
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
I saw [him].
accusative (direct object)
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
He was [tall] and [bald].
tall - nominative
bald - nominative
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
A [woman] went toward [him].
woman - nominative (subject)
him - accusative (end of motion)
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
That [woman] was my [aunt].
woman - nominative (subject)
aunt - nominative predicate
If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?
She hit [him] [on the cheek].
him - accusative (direct object)
on the cheek - accusative of part affected
Give 5 uses of the Genitive in Greek.
partitive possession separation comparison hanging noun to noun
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
πάντα [τῶν γραμμάτων]
all of the letters
partitive
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
μικρότερος [τοῦ ἰατροῦ]
smaller than the doctor
comparison
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
τὰ ποιἠματα [τῶν ἀνθρώπων].
the poems of the people
possession
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
ἐκ [τοῦ βιβλίου]
from the book
separation
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
ἄνευ [τῆς ἀδελφῆς] (ἄνευ = without)
without the sister
separation
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
δακτύλιον (ring) [ἀργύρου] (ἀργύρος = silver)
a ring of silver
hanging noun to noun
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
χαλεπώτερον [τοῦ μύθου]
more difficult than the story
comparison
Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.
ἡ [τῆς χελώνης] γλῶττα
the tongue of the turtle
possession
Give 5 uses for the dative.
indirect object possession means manner circumstance
What is one way to think of which prepositions use each case in Greek?
The dative is static and tells where (at, in, on),
while the genitive shows motion away (from, out of),
and the accusative motion to (to, toward, into)
For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.
[Laius], [king] of [Thebes], was warned by an oracle that there was [danger] to his throne and life if his new-born [son] should be suffered to grow up.
Laius - nominative (subject) king - nominative (modifiying the subject) Thebes - genitive (noun hanging on noun) danger (nominative predicate) son - nominative (subject)
For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.
He therefore committed the [child] to the [care] of a [herdsman] with orders to destroy him; but the herdsman, moved with [pity], yet not daring entirely to disobey, tied up the child…
child - accusative (direct object)
care - dative {indirect object)
herdsman - genitive (possession)
pity - dative (manner)
For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.
Many years afterwards [Laius] being on his way to [Delphi], accompanied only by one attendant, met in a narrow road a young [man] also driving in a [chariot].
Laius - nominative (subject)
Delphi - accusative (end of motion)
man - accusative (direct object)
chariot - dative (place)
For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.
On his refusal to leave the [way] at their [command] the attendant killed [one] of his [horses], and the stranger, filled with [rage], slew both [Laius] and his [attendant].
way - accusative (direct object) or genitive (separation) command - dative (means) horses - genitive (partitive) rage - dative (means) Laius - accusative (direct object) attendant - accusative (direct object)
For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.
The young [man] was [Oedipus], who thus unknowingly became the [slayer] of his own [father.]
man - nominative (subject)
Oedipus - nominative (predicate nominative)
slayer - nominative (predicate nominative)
father - genitive (possessive)
Translate:
οὐχ ὁρᾷ οὐδέν.
He does not see anything.
Literally: He does not see nothing.
Remember: Double (and triple) negatives are good Greek.
Translate:
οὐ λέγω οὐδὲν οὐδενί.
I don’t say anything to anyone.
Literally: I don’t say nothing to no one.
Remember: Double (and triple) negatives are good Greek.
English uses -ing words in three ways.
- Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
- Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
- Infinitive (Speaking is easy)
Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?
The art [of singing] is difficult.
Infinitive
English uses -ing words in three ways.
- Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
- Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
- Infinitive (Speaking is easy)
Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?
[Singing] a song, he left.
Participle
English uses -ing words in three ways.
- Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
- Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
- Infinitive (Speaking is easy)
Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?
She [is singing].
Verb
English uses -ing words in three ways.
- Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
- Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
- Infinitive (Speaking is easy)
Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?
Is [singing] pleasant?
Infinitive
Translate the following:
τὸ μανθάνειν ῤαδιόν ἐστιν.
Learning is easy.
Translate the following:
ὁρῶν τὴν μάχην δακρύω.
I, watching the battle, cry.
Translate the following:
χαίρουσι τῷ πίνειν οἶνον.
They rejoice in drinking wine.
Translate the following:
ἡ τέχνη (art, skill) τοῦ γράφειν χαλεπή.
The art of writing is difficult.
____ is the negative for facts.
____ is the negative in other contexts.
οὐ is the negative for facts.
μή is the negative in other contexts.
χαλεπὸν τὸ μὴ φιλῆσαι (It is difficult not to love)
μὴ δάκρυε (Don’t cry)
