Lesson 5

Question 1

When is the nominative case used?

Answer 1

when naming or describing the subject

Question 2

Give three uses for the accusative case.

Answer 2

direct object, extent of time and space, motion

Question 3

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

The [doctor] came into [town].

Answer 3

doctor: nominative (subject)
town: accusative (end motion)

Question 4

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

He stayed [three months].

Answer 4

accusative (extent of time)

Question 5

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

I saw [him].

Answer 5

accusative (direct object)

Question 6

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

He was [tall] and [bald].

Answer 6

tall - nominative

bald - nominative

Question 7

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

A [woman] went toward [him].

Answer 7

woman - nominative (subject)

him - accusative (end of motion)

Question 8

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

That [woman] was my [aunt].

Answer 8

woman - nominative (subject)

aunt - nominative predicate

Question 9

If the following sentence were in Greek, what would be the case of the words in brackets?

She hit [him] [on the cheek].

Answer 9

him - accusative (direct object)

on the cheek - accusative of part affected

Question 10

Give 5 uses of the Genitive in Greek.

Answer 10

partitive
possession
separation
comparison
hanging noun to noun

Question 11

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

πάντα [τῶν γραμμάτων]

Answer 11

all of the letters

partitive

Question 12

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

μικρότερος [τοῦ ἰατροῦ]

Answer 12

smaller than the doctor

comparison

Question 13

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

τὰ ποιἠματα [τῶν ἀνθρώπων].

Answer 13

the poems of the people

possession

Question 14

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

ἐκ [τοῦ βιβλίου]

Answer 14

from the book

separation

Question 15

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

ἄνευ [τῆς ἀδελφῆς] (ἄνευ = without)

Answer 15

without the sister

separation

Question 16

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

δακτύλιον (ring) [ἀργύρου] (ἀργύρος = silver)

Answer 16

a ring of silver

hanging noun to noun

Question 17

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

χαλεπώτερον [τοῦ μύθου]

Answer 17

more difficult than the story

comparison

Question 18

Say why the words in brackets are in the genitive.

ἡ [τῆς χελώνης] γλῶττα

Answer 18

the tongue of the turtle

possession

Question 19

Give 5 uses for the dative.

Answer 19

indirect object
possession
means
manner
circumstance

Question 20

What is one way to think of which prepositions use each case in Greek?

Answer 20

The dative is static and tells where (at, in, on),
while the genitive shows motion away (from, out of),
and the accusative motion to (to, toward, into)

Question 21

For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.

[Laius], [king] of [Thebes], was warned by an oracle that there was [danger] to his throne and life if his new-born [son] should be suffered to grow up.

Answer 21

Laius - nominative (subject)
king - nominative (modifiying the subject)
Thebes - genitive (noun hanging on noun)
danger (nominative predicate)
son - nominative (subject)

Question 22

For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.

He therefore committed the [child] to the [care] of a [herdsman] with orders to destroy him; but the herdsman, moved with [pity], yet not daring entirely to disobey, tied up the child…

Answer 22

child - accusative (direct object)
care - dative {indirect object)
herdsman - genitive (possession)
pity - dative (manner)

Question 23

For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.

Many years afterwards [Laius] being on his way to [Delphi], accompanied only by one attendant, met in a narrow road a young [man] also driving in a [chariot].

Answer 23

Laius - nominative (subject)
Delphi - accusative (end of motion)
man - accusative (direct object)
chariot - dative (place)

Question 24

For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.

On his refusal to leave the [way] at their [command] the attendant killed [one] of his [horses], and the stranger, filled with [rage], slew both [Laius] and his [attendant].

Answer 24

way - accusative (direct object) or genitive (separation)
command - dative (means)
horses - genitive (partitive)
rage - dative (means)
Laius - accusative (direct object)
attendant - accusative (direct object)

Question 25

For each of the words in brackets, give the case you would expect the word to have in Greek and the reason why it would be in that case.

The young [man] was [Oedipus], who thus unknowingly became the [slayer] of his own [father.]

Answer 25

man - nominative (subject)
Oedipus - nominative (predicate nominative)
slayer - nominative (predicate nominative)
father - genitive (possessive)

Question 26

Translate:

οὐχ ὁρᾷ οὐδέν.

Answer 26

He does not see anything.

Literally: He does not see nothing.

Remember: Double (and triple) negatives are good Greek.

Question 27

Translate:

οὐ λέγω οὐδὲν οὐδενί.

Answer 27

I don’t say anything to anyone.

Literally: I don’t say nothing to no one.

Remember: Double (and triple) negatives are good Greek.

Question 28

English uses -ing words in three ways.

1. Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
2. Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
3. Infinitive (Speaking is easy)

Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?

The art [of singing] is difficult.

Answer 28

Infinitive

Question 29

English uses -ing words in three ways.

1. Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
2. Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
3. Infinitive (Speaking is easy)

Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?

[Singing] a song, he left.

Answer 29

Participle

Question 30

English uses -ing words in three ways.

1. Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
2. Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
3. Infinitive (Speaking is easy)

Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?

She [is singing].

Answer 30

Verb

Question 31

English uses -ing words in three ways.

1. Verb (You speak. You are speaking.)
2. Participle (While speaking, you cry.)
3. Infinitive (Speaking is easy)

Which form would translate the words in brackets into Greek?

Is [singing] pleasant?

Answer 31

Infinitive

Question 32

Translate the following:

τὸ μανθάνειν ῤαδιόν ἐστιν.

Answer 32

Learning is easy.

Question 33

Translate the following:

ὁρῶν τὴν μάχην δακρύω.

Answer 33

I, watching the battle, cry.

Question 34

Translate the following:

χαίρουσι τῷ πίνειν οἶνον.

Answer 34

They rejoice in drinking wine.

Question 35

Translate the following:

ἡ τέχνη (art, skill) τοῦ γράφειν χαλεπή.

Answer 35

The art of writing is difficult.

Question 36

____ is the negative for facts.

____ is the negative in other contexts.

Answer 36

οὐ is the negative for facts.
μή is the negative in other contexts.

χαλεπὸν τὸ μὴ φιλῆσαι (It is difficult not to love)

μὴ δάκρυε (Don’t cry)