Lesson 4 Flashcards
the quantity of air that can be contained in vessel or space; measured in liters, milliliters, cubic centemeters
volume
the volume of air that moves through a given area in a unit of time; measured in liters per second, milliliters per second, milliliters per minute
air flow
the force per unit area applied to an object in a direction perpendicular to the surface; measured in pascals, pounds per square inch, or in manometric units
pressure
the instrument used to measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs during specific activities
spirometer
the instrument used to measure the amount of pressure exerted by the force of person’s exhalation
manometer
the instrument used to measure total lung capacity and lung capacity following a normal exhalation
plethysmograph
the instrument used to measure the rate of air flow during respiration
neumotachygaph
the instrument used to measure the displacement of the chest and abdominal walls during respiration
paired linear magntometer
discrete amounts of air in the lungs as a result of specific respiratory action
volume
the volume of air exchanged during a given task (can change)
tidal volume (TV)
the volume of air that can be inspired with maximal effort after the inspiration phase of tidal breathing (keep inhalaing after normal inhalation)
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
the volume of air that can be forced out the lungs with maximal effort after the expiration phase of tidal breathing (keep exhalaing after normal exhalation)
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration ( air still in the lings after maximal expiration)
residual volume (RV)
during _________ inspiratory muscles contract with greater effort to inhale more and relax to exhale
IRV
during _______ normal breathing during an activity: inspiratory muscles contract to inhale and relax to exhale
TV
during __________ expiratory muscles must contract to exhale more and relax to inhale
ERV
during ______ some air always remains in the lungs
RV
combination of various volumes
capacities
the maximal inspiration that can be taken following a maximal expiration; best overall measurement of lung function; ( IRV+TV+ERV)
vital capacity (VC)
the volume of air that can be inhaled after the end of the expiratory phase of tidal breathing (IRV+TV)
inspiratory capacity (IC)
the volume of air left in the lungs after the expiratory phase of tidal breathing (ERV+RV)
functional residual capacity (FCR)
the volume of air the lungs can hold at the height of a maximum inspiration (IRV+TV+ERV+RV)
total capacity (TC)
results from contractions of the muscles of respiration primarily the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles, and thee abdominal muscles; normal inhalation
active forces
the forces generated by the elastic recoil properties of the flexible tissue including the muscles, ligaments, pleura, and lung tissue as they try to return from an extreme state to their resting state ; normal exhalation
passive forces
we control airflow using the checking action both to increase or decrease the _____ and to provide subglottal air pressure control for ______
loudness of sound ; pitch
