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Anaphy > Lesson 4 > Flashcards

Lesson 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Closed system of the heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

The heart pumps blood into the arteries and received blood from the veins

A

Cardiovascular system

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3
Q

The function is to deliver and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products

A

Cardiovascular system

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4
Q

Thorax between the lungs

A

Heart

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5
Q

Pointed apex directed toward left hip

A

Heart

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6
Q

A serous double serous membrane

A

Pericardium

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7
Q

2 types of pericardium

A

Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium

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8
Q

Forms the inner layer of the serous pericardium, also called epicardium

A

Visceral pericardium

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9
Q

Forms the outer layer of the serous pericardium

A

Parietal pericardium

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10
Q

Three layers

A

The heart wall

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11
Q

Outside layer and covers the heart

A

Epicardium

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12
Q

Middle layer

A

Myocardium

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13
Q

Contracts to pump blood into the arteries

A

Myocardium

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14
Q

Lines the interior of the chambers and covers the heart valves

A

Endocardium

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15
Q

Blood supply to the myocardium:

A

Coronary arteries
Coronary sinus

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16
Q

The main arteries that supply blood to and remove waste products from the muscle of the heart

A

Coronary arteries

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17
Q

A dilated veins that collects blood from the myocardium and opens into the right atrium near the anterior vena cava

A

Coronary sinus

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18
Q

The chambers of the heart:

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
The valves

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19
Q

Receives blood from the vena cavae and the coronary sinus

A

Right atrium

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20
Q

Pumps blood into the right ventricle

A

Right atrium

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21
Q

Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps blood into pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygenated

A

Right ventricle

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22
Q

Receives oxygenated blood coming back to the heart from the lungs in the pulmonary veins

A

Left atrium

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23
Q

Pumps blood into the left ventricle

A

Left atrium

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24
Q

Receives blood from the left atrium

A

Left ventricle

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25
Q

Pumps blood into the aorta to be carried to tissues in the systematic circuit

A

Left ventricle

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26
Q

One way valves that direct blood flow in only one direction

A

The valves

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27
Q

Located in between atria and ventricles

A

Atrioventricular (AV) Valves

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28
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) Valves:

A

Bicuspid (Left)
Tricuspid (Right)

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29
Q

Semilunar valves:

A

Pulmonary semilunar valves
Aortic semilunar valves

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30
Q

2 types of the Valves:

A

Atrioventricular valves
Semilunar valves

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31
Q

Valve with 2 cusps

A

Bicuspid (left)

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32
Q

a.k.a Mitral valve

A

Bicuspid (left)

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33
Q

Prevents blood from flowing back up into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts (systole)

A

Bicuspid (left)

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34
Q

Valve with 3 cusps

A

Tricuspid (right)

35
Q

Prevents blood from flowing back up into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts (systole)

A

Tricuspid (right)

36
Q

Valve with 3 half-moon shaped cusps

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

37
Q

At the entrance to the pulmonary artery

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

38
Q

Prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle when the right ventricle relaxes (diastole)

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

39
Q

At the entrance to the aorta

A

Aortic semilunar valve

40
Q

Prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle relaxes (diastole)

A

Aortic semilunar valve

41
Q

Associated great vessels:

A

Aorta
Pulmonary arteries
Vena cava
Pulmonary veins

42
Q

Leaves left ventricle

A

Aorta

43
Q

Leave right ventricle

A

Pulmonary arteries

44
Q

Enters right atrium

A

Vena cava

45
Q

Enter left atrium

A

Pulmonary veins

46
Q

Heart muscle cell contract, without nerve impulses, in a regular continuous way

A

Intrinsic conduction system

47
Q

Special tissue sets the pace:

A

Sinoatrial (SA) Node
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Atrioventricular bundle
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers

48
Q

Contraction is initiated by the sinoatrial node

A

Heart contractions

49
Q

Events of one complete heart beat

A

Cardiac cycle

50
Q

Types of cardiac cycle:

A

Mid-to-late diastole
Ventricular systole
Early diastole

51
Q

Blood flows into ventricles

A

Mid-to-late diastole

52
Q

Blood pressure builds before ventricle contracts, pushing out blood

A

Ventricular systole

53
Q

Atria finish re-filling, ventricular pressure is low

A

Early diastole

54
Q

Systole=

A

Contraction

55
Q

Diastole=

A

Relaxation

56
Q

Amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute

A

Cardiac output

57
Q

Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction

A

Stroke volume

58
Q

Stroke volume usually remains relatively constant

A

Regulation of heart rate

59
Q

The more that the cardiac muscle is stretched, the stronger the contraction

A

Starling’s law of the heart

60
Q

Increased the heart rate:

A

Sympathetic nervous system
Hormones
Exercise
Decreased blood volume

61
Q

Decreased the heart rate:

A

Parasympathetic nervous system
High blood pressure or blood volume
Decreased venous return

62
Q

Encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, often leading to serious health consequences it felt untreated. These include coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure and stroke

A

Cardiovascular diseases

63
Q

Coronary artery disease:

A

Narrowed arteries
Reduced blood flow
Increased heart attack risk

64
Q

Coronary artery disease occurs when the major blood vessels that supply the heart become damaged or diseased, often due to the buildup of fatty deposits called ploque

A

Narrowed arteries

65
Q

As the ploque accumulates, it narrows and hardens the coronary arteries, restriating the flow of oxygen -rich blood to the heart muscle

A

Reduced blood flow

66
Q

This reduced blood flow can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, a heart attack. If ploque ruptures and blocks an artery

A

Increased heart attack risk

67
Q

Hypertension:

A

Elevated blood pressure
Increased risks
Silent condition
Lifestyle factors

68
Q

Arrhythmias are disorder characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm where the heart beats too fast, too slow or irregularly. These can be caused an malfunctions in the hearts electrical system

A

Abnormal heart rhythms

69
Q

Types of arrhythmias:

A

Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Atrial fibrillation
Contraction ventricular

70
Q

Rapid

A

Tachycardia

71
Q

Heart beat (over 100bpm)

A

Tachycardia

72
Q

Slow(under 60)

A

Bradycardia

73
Q

Irregular, quivering atrial

A

Atrial fibrillation

74
Q

Chaotic, uncoordinated contractions

A

Contraction ventricular

75
Q

O2 is loaded from the alveolar air into the blood, while CO2 is unloaded from the blood into the alveolar air

A

Pulmonary capillary

76
Q

Common pulse sites used to check circulation are:

A

Temporal
Carotid
Brachial
Radial
Femoral
Popliteal
Dorsalis pedis

77
Q

Side of forehead

A

Temporal

78
Q

Neck

A

Carotid

79
Q

Inside the elbow

A

Brachial

80
Q

Thumb site of wrist

A

Radial

81
Q

Groin

A

Femoral

82
Q

Behind the knee

A

Popliteal

83
Q

Upper surface of foot

A

Dorsalis pedis

Anaphy (7 decks)

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