Lesson 1 Flashcards
Consist of all the muscles of the body
Muscular system
Make up proximately 42% of total weight and are composed of long-slender cells(fibers)
Muscular system
3 types of muscle
Cardia muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
4 major functional characteristics of muscle tissue
Contractility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity
The ability of muscle to shorten forcefully or contract
Contractility
Is the capacity of muscle to respond to stimulus
Excitability
Stretched beyond its normal resting
Extensibility
Recoil to its original resting length after it has been stretched
Elasticity
Parts of the muscle
Body
Origin
Insertion
The main portion
Body
The fixed attachment
Origin
The point of attachment to the part of the body moved by this muscle
Insertion
Attachments, connecting the muscle to bone
Tendon
A wide sheet like tendon
Aponeurosis
Muscle group and function:
Head and neck muscles
Trunk muscle
Shoulder and upper limb muscle
Lower limb muscle
Control facial expressions, mastication and head movement
Head and neck muscles
Support the spine, maintain posture and assist breathing
Trunk muscle
Move the shoulder, arm, forearm and hand
Shoulder and upper limb muscle
Move the hip, leg, foot and toes
Lower limb muscle
Is an involuntary, sudden contraction or movement of a muscle group of muscle
Muscle twitch
Factors that can cause muscle twitching:
Stress
Fatigue
Caffeine intake
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalances
The process by which fibers generate tension and shorten, lengthen or remain the same length to produce movement or maintain posture
Contraction
Brian sends signal to the muscle
Contraction
2 types of contraction
Isometric contraction
Isotonic contraction
Muscle generates force without changing its length, meaning there is no visible movement to the joint or limb
Isometric contraction
Muscle generates force without changing its length, meaning there is no visible movement to the joint or limb
Isometric contraction
The muscle changes length while producing force,leading to movement of a joint
Isotonic contraction
2 types of isotonic contraction
Concentric
Eccentric
The muscle shortens as it contracts
Concentric
The muscle lengthens while maintaining tension, usually to control or resist a force
Eccentric
Disorders of muscular system:
Muscle strain
Myositis
Muscle dystrophy
Fibromyalgia
A tear in a muscle or tendon, usually caused by overuse or sudden injury
Muscle strain
Inflammation of muscle tissue
Myositis
A group of inherited disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration
Muscle dystrophy
A disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and sleep disturbances
Fibromyalgia
Muscle are continually working to maintain posture
Tonicity
____ the muscle can help prevent a loss of strength
Exercising
