Lesson 3: Methods of Studying Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteria that causes “Strep Throat”

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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2
Q

A gram stain of “Sputum” showing numerous WBCs and gram-positive encapsulated diplococci is highly suggestive of?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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3
Q

Gram-negative diplococci clustered in WBCs in a sample of “urethral secretion” from a male is considered diagnostic for?

“ONLY Gram-negative diplococcus found inhabiting the normal sterile urethra of a male”

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (causative agent of gonorrhea)

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4
Q

It is the most common causative organism of urinary tract infection which forms “PINK” colonies on MacConkey agar because of its ability to ferment lactose

A

E. coli

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4
Q

Most widely used stain in the laboratory

A

Gram-stain

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4
Q

“Red colony” when incubated at 22C owing to the production of pigments

A

Serratia marcescens

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5
Q

Gram stains pink to dark red

A

Gram-negative

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5
Q

A nutritionally rich medium containing red blood cells

A

Blood agar

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6
Q

Gram stains purple to blue

A

Gram-positive

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6
Q

Blood agar is a “DIFFERENTIAL MEDIUM” that enables to detect the characteristic B-hemolytic colonies of?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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7
Q

A stain used in mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Acid-fast stain

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7
Q

The ability to fix nitrogen under aerobic condition is an identifying characteristic of these bacteria

A

Azitobacter

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7
Q

It is an identifying marker of the bacteria which is attached to the polysaccharide. It is an indirect identification of bacteria, because it is specific to that particular bacteria

A

Antigen

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8
Q

Soluble pigment which discolors the growth medium

Distinct “Fruity Odor”

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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8
Q

Identify the Agar:

Contains:
1. BILE SALTS (inhibits the growth of most non-intestinal organisms)
2. Lactose with a pH indicator (differentiates lactose fermenting organisms)

A

MacConkey agar

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9
Q

Urine samples collected from a patient suspected of having a urinary tract infection is plated onto a __________ , which is both a “SELECTIVE AND DIFFERENTIAL” agar

A

MacConkey agar

10
Q

ANIMAL INOCULATION

Rickettsia spp. requires?

A

Living cells

10
Q

ANIMAL INOCULATION

It can be maintained in the laboratory in testicular chancre of rabbits

A

Treponema pallidum

10
Q

ANIMAL INOCULATION

McCoy cells
HeLa 229
Buffalo Green Monkey Kidney Cells
Cycloheximide-treated McCoy Cells

These are found in what spp?

A

Chlamydia spp.

10
Q

E. coli has the ability to ferment what?

11
Q

ANIMAL INOCULATION

Mycobacterium leprae are found in? (2)

A

Footpad of Mice (low temperature)(30C of footpads)
Armadillo (animals with low body temp)

12
Q

Hybridization methods are based on the ability of two nucleic acid strands that have complementary base sequence to specifically bond with each other and form a double-stranded molecule (hybrid)

A

Nucleic acid hybridization methods

13
Q

Require that one nucleic acid strand is from the known organism while the other is derived from the organism to be identified or detected

A

Hybridization assays

14
Q

The result of hybridization is expressed as?

A

Percent hybridization
Percent similarity
Percent relatedness

15
Three categories of Amplification Techniques
Target amplification Signal amplification Probe amplification
16
These systems amplify the target to large numbers
Target amplification
17
These techniques are used to increase the "SENSITIVITY" of the probe-based assays
Signal Amplification
18
This method involves the determination of nucleotide sequence in the given DNA molecule
Sequencing
19
Two popular methods for sequencing DNA
Chemical Cleavage Method Chain Terminator Method
20