Lesson 20: Digestive System 2 Flashcards
diverticulosis
condition that occurs when small pouches, or sacs, form and push outward through weak spots in the wall of your colon
diverticulitis
occurs when diverticula become inflamed or infected
hemorrhoids
when the veins or blood vessels in and around your anus and lower rectum become swollen and irritated
diverticula
small bulges that stick out of the side of the large intestine
what is a hepatocyte?
a liver cell
what are the components of the portal triad
- portal arteriole
- portal venules
- bile duct
what are the 4 lobes of the liver?
right, left, caudate, and quadrate
what are gallstones?
hardened deposits of bile (cholesterol or pigment stones) that can form in your gallbladder
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
cirrhosis of the liver
- liver damage where healthy cells are replaced by scar tissue.
- causes include excessive drinking of alcohol, hepatitis B and C virus infections, and fatty liver that’s caused by obesity and diabetes.
what is ascites?
a condition in which fluid collects in spaces within your abdomen, usually as a result of cirhossis
what is pre-umbilical caput medusae?
- the appearance of distended and engorged superficial epigastric veins seen radiating from the umbilicus across the abdomen
- helps diagnose portal hypertension
what is bile?
- greenish fluid secreted by the liver
- stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to emulsify fats.
what are liver lobules?
very small hexagonal (six-sided) solid that consists of hepatocytes
what is esophageal varices?
- enlarged veins in the esophagus
- often due to blocked blood flow through the portal vein
