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Honors Biology > Lesson 2 Test Study Guide > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Test Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What Are Some Examples Of Abiotic Factors

A

Sunlight, Temperature, Precipitation, Water, Soil, Nutrients,

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2
Q

What Are Some Examples Of Biotic Factors

A

Prey, Food, Predators

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3
Q

What Do You Use To Describe A Population

A

Size of population, density, population range, pattern of spacing

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4
Q

Ways to count a population

A

Direct count, indirect count, random sampling, mark and recapture

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5
Q

What is the amount of an organism in a given area?

A

Density

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6
Q

What are the members of the same species that interact in the same area?

A

Population

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7
Q

What is the pattern of where organisms live?

A

Distribution

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8
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals live in clustered groups?

A

Clumped

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9
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals are spread out in a regular pattern?

A

Uniform

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10
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals are not arranged in any specific pattern?

A

Random

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11
Q

What is the density formula?

A

Population Density = Total Population/Area

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12
Q

How do you find population given the population density and the area?

A

population density x area

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13
Q

If the area of a random sampling object is 4 km squared and the number of individuals is 56 what is the population density?

A

14

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14
Q

If the population density is 18 and the total area is 625, what is the population?

A

11250

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15
Q

There is a uniform distribution of population in an area of 60 square km. In a 15 square km sample of the total area, you count 42 individuals. What is the total population?

A

168
How: 42x60=2520
2520/15=168

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16
Q

What is the population if the population density is 2.8 and the total area is 2,563?

A

7176.4

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17
Q

If you sample 7,3,10,5,5 from a place where the total area is 60 and the sample area is 5 and there are 12 sample areas, what is the population density and the population size?

A

PD - 6
PS - 360
How: 7+3+10+5+5=30
30x12= 360
360/60=6

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18
Q

What is an example of uniform population distribution?

A

Penguins

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19
Q

What is an example of random population distribution?

A

Dandelions

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20
Q

What is an example of clumped population distribution?

A

Schools of fish

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21
Q

What causes random population distribution?

A

Dandelion seeds will be carried by the wind and the individuals will be focused on their own safety

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22
Q

What causes uniform population distribution?

A

To maintain defined territories

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23
Q

What causes clumped population distribution?

A

Resources in small concentrated areas

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24
Q

What is the amount of an organism in a given area?

A

Density

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25
Q

What is the type of population distribution where the individuals live in clustered groups?

A

Clumped

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26
Q

What is the pattern of where organisms live?

A

Distribution

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27
Q

What Does t stand for

A

time

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28
Q

What does K stand for

A

carrying capacity

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29
Q

What does dN/dt stand for

A

population growth rate

30
Q

What does r stand for

A

growth rate per capita

31
Q

What does N stand for

A

population size

32
Q

Does logistical growth or expionential growth have K

A

logistical growth

33
Q

What happens when N approches K

A

it levels off

34
Q

Which limiting factor has abiotic factors

A

Density Independent

35
Q

What limiting factor relies on how dense the population is

A

Density Dependent

36
Q

What limitying factor doesn’t rely on how dense the population is and will affect the population size no matter how dense it it

A

Density Independent

37
Q

A drought is an example of what limiting factor

A

Density Independent

38
Q

Water competition is an example of what limiting factor

A

Density Dependent

39
Q

What is the formula of expionential growth

A

dN/dt=1.0N or population growth rate = 1.0 x population size

40
Q

What is the formula of logistical growth

A

dN/dt=rN(K-N)/K or population growth rate = growth rate per capita(carrying capacity - population size) / carrying capacity

41
Q

Does r change based on time and population size

A

as the population grows and becomes more crowded, per capita birth rate tends to decrease and death rate to increase, and so r decreases toward zero

42
Q

What does No stand for

A

initial population size

43
Q

How does birth rate death rate Immigration and Emigration affect population size

A

populations gain individuals through births and immigration they lose individuals through deaths and emigration these factors together determine how fast a population grows

44
Q

What happens when there are more deaths and emigrations to births and immigration

A

the population goes down

45
Q

What does dN/dt stand for

A

population growth rate

46
Q

What does r stand for

A

growth rate per capita

47
Q

Does logistical growth or expionential growth have K

A

logistical growth

48
Q

What does N stand for

A

population size

49
Q

Which limiting factor has abiotic factors

A

Density Independent

50
Q

What limiting factor relies on how dense the population is

A

Density Dependent

51
Q

What happens when N approches K

A

it levels off

52
Q

What is a cohort

A

A group of the same species

53
Q

What does the survivorship curve show

A

The difference between generations, populations, or different species, also shows the survivorship in a cohort

54
Q

What is a log scale

A

A log scale is used to compare types 1-3

55
Q

Why do we graph survivorship curves on a log scale

A

They allow a better focus on the per capita effect rather than the actual number of individuals dying

56
Q

How do the survivorship curve types correlate to r- and K-selected species

A

r-selected species have a low survivorship because r-selected animals are just focused on having as many offspring as possible. K-selected species have a high survivorship because the parents focus on the care and preparation of the real world for the offspring

57
Q

What is an example of survivorship curves that can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors

A

Biotic - competition
Abiotic - temperature

58
Q

What does the variable r stand for

A

reproduction

59
Q

Why do we use the term r-selected

A

because r-selected animals focus on just reproducing as much as possible

60
Q

What does the variable K stand for

A

Carrying capacity

61
Q

Why do we use the term K-selected

A

Because K-selected animals focus on the care of the offspring

62
Q

What is the trade-off between r- and K-selected

A

The trade-off depends on the number of expendable offspring (r-selected) for the K-selected creatures

63
Q

What is a log scale

A

A log scale is used to compare types 1-3

64
Q

What is an example of a species in the middle of r- and K-selected

A

Chickens, because the mom produces a lot of eggs but still has to care for them until they hatch

65
Q

What is an example of K- vs. r-selected animals in plants

A

The dandelions seeds are carried by the wind, so the plant doesn’t really care about it’s offspring at all

66
Q

What is the definition of type 1

A

Observed in populations with low mortality in young age classes but very high mortality as an individual ages

67
Q

What is the definition of type 2

A

Type II curves represent populations where the mortality rate is constant, regardless of age

68
Q

What is the definition of type 3

A

very high mortality at a young age

69
Q

What is an example of type 1

70
Q

What is an example of type 2

Honors Biology (19 decks)

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