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Honors Biology > 5.2 SG > Flashcards

5.2 SG Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the monomers of lipids

A

glycerol and fatty acids

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2
Q

What are the monomers of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides

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3
Q

What are the monomers of proteins

A

amino acids

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4
Q

What are the monomers of nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

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5
Q

What are the polymers of lipids

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids

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6
Q

What are the polymers of carbohydrates

A

disaccharides and polysaccharides

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7
Q

What are the polymers of proteins

A

polypeptide or polypeptides

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8
Q

What are the polymers of nucleic acids

A

monomers called nucleotides

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9
Q

What are the functions of lipids

A

an energy reserve, regulate hormones, transmit nerve impulses, cushion vital organs, and transport fat-soluble nutrients

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10
Q

What are the functions of carbohydrates

A

an energy source, help control blood glucose and insulin metabolism, participate in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, and help with fermentation

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11
Q

What are the functions of proteins

A

acting as enzymes and hormones, maintaining proper fluid and acid-base balance, providing nutrient transport, making antibodies, enabling wound healing and tissue regeneration, and providing energy when carbohydrate and fat intake is inadequate

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12
Q

What are the functions of nucleic acids

A

carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function

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13
Q

What molecules are found in the monomers of lipids

A

glycerol and fatty acids

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14
Q

What molecules are found in the monomers of carbohydrates

A

a monosaccharide with the basic formula of a carbon, two hydrogen and an oxygen molecule

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15
Q

What molecules are found in the monomers of proteins

A

amino acids

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16
Q

What molecules are found in the monomers of nucleic acids

A

pentose sugar (5-carbon sugar), phosphate group, and nitrogenous base

17
Q

Which functional groups are found in the monomers of lipids

A

ester (both carboxylate and phosphate) and alcohol groups

18
Q

Which functional groups are found in the monomers of carbohydrates

A

carbonyl and hydroxyl

19
Q

Which functional groups are found in the monomers of proteins

A

amino, carboxyl and R(variant)

20
Q

Which functional groups are found in the monomers of nucleic acids

A

alcohol and aldehyde/ketone group

21
Q

Examples of nucleic acids

A

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)

22
Q

Examples of lipids

A

butter, ghee, vegetable oil, cheese, cholesterol and other steroids, waxes, phospholipids, and fat-soluble vitamins

23
Q

Examples of monosaturated fats

A

Olive, peanut, and canola oils. Avocados. Nuts such as almonds, hazelnuts, and pecans. Seeds such as pumpkin and sesame seeds.

24
Q

Examples of triglycerides

A

saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated triglycerides

25
Q

Examples of fructose

A

fruits, fruit juices, some vegetables and honey

26
Q

Examples of waxes

A

wax of honeybee, cuticular lipids of insects, spermaceti of the sperm whale, skin lipids, uropygial glands of birds

27
Q

Examples of carbohydrates

A

bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks, corn

28
Q

Examples of amino acids

A

histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine

29
Q

Examples of phophillids

A

phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine

30
Q

Examples of RNA

A

messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

31
Q

Examples of lactose

A

butter, cheese, cream, dried milk, milk solids, powdered milk, and whey

32
Q

Examples of sterol

A

zymosterol, ergosterol, and cholesterol

33
Q

Examples of proteins

A

collagen, keratin, Hemoglobin, insulin, myoglobin, trypsin, tubulin, myosin, Globulin

34
Q

Examples of fatty acids

A

fruits, vegetable oils, seeds, nuts, animal fats, and fish oils

35
Q

Examples of glucose

A

honey, followed by dried fruits such as dates, apricots, raisins, currants, cranberries, prunes and figs

36
Q

Examples of DNA

A

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA

37
Q

Examples of Maltose

A

cooked sweet potato, pears and honey

38
Q

Examples of adenosine triphosphate

A

???????breathing and maintaining your heartbeat

Honors Biology (19 decks)

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