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Parasitology > Leishmania > Flashcards

Leishmania Flashcards

1
Q

Leishmania is a … parasite in …

A
  • intracellular parasite
  • in macrophages
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2
Q

Leishmania cause

A
  • damage of CNS
  • hyperplasia of cells: skin, mucosa & internal organs damages
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3
Q

The disease Leishmaniasis is divided into … main forms, which?

A

3 forms:
- Skin form
- Mucocutaneous form
- Visceral form

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4
Q

Vector of Leishmania is:

A

Sandflies:
- Phlebotomus spp.
- Lutzomyia spp.

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5
Q

Skin form of leishmaniasis can be divided into:

A
  • dry skin form
  • wet skin form
  • skin form
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6
Q

Which species of Leishmania cause skin leishmaniasis?

A
  • L. tropica minor - dry skin form
  • L. tropica major - wet skin form
  • L. peruviana - skin form
  • L. mexicana complex - skin form
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7
Q

Which species of Leishmania belong to the visceral form?

A
  • L. donovani
  • L. donovani infantum
  • L. chagasi
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8
Q

Which parasite cause espundia?

A

Leishmania brasiliensis complex

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9
Q

Leishmania - skin form: species, form, host (reservoir), area, vector

A

the mucocutaneous form does not belong to “skin form”

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10
Q

Leishmania - visceral form: species, form, host (reservoir), area, vector

A
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11
Q

Which parasite cause Kala-azar?

A

Leishmania donovani

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12
Q

Life cycle of Leishmania

A
  • Amastigotes in blood
  • vector
  • Promastigotes
  • binary fission
  • pharynx of vector
  • inoculation (man)
  • Macrophages
  • amastigotes
  • binary fission
  • rupture of the affected cell
  • infection of new macrophages
  • agglomeration
  • visceral organs, skin, mucosa
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13
Q

Which clinical signs of Leishmania is seen in dog?

A
  • alopecia and blepharitis
  • ulcerative nasal mucocutaneous lesions
  • papular dermatitis
  • ulcerative lesions on the plantar surface of the paw
  • onychogryphosis
  • epistaxis
  • uveitis
  • purulent conjunctivitis
  • popliteal lymphadenomegaly
  • cachexia – chronic renal failure
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14
Q

Name the different clinical signs of Leishmania

A
  • alopecia and blepharitis (A)
  • ulcerative nasal mucocutaneous lesions (B, D)
  • papular dermatitis (C)
  • ulcerative lesions on the plantar surface of the paw (E)
  • onychogryphosis (F)
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15
Q

Name the different clinical signs of Leishmania:

A
  • epistaxis (A)
  • uveitis (B)
  • purulent conjunctivitis (C)
  • popliteal lymphadenomegaly (D)
  • cachexia – chronic renal failure (E)
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16
Q

Leishmania: amastigote is found … and has the size….

A
  • found intracellularly
  • 1.5-3 x 2.5-6.5 μm
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17
Q

Leishmania: promastigote is found … and has the size….

A
  • found extracellularly
  • 15-20 x 3-5 μm
  • flagellum 15-28 μm
  • 10-12 μm in lenght
18
Q

diagnostics of leishmania

A
  • cytology
  • biological experiment
  • intradermal test - L.tropica
  • serology
  • PCR
19
Q

Leishmania - cytology:

A
  • Fine needle aspiration (periphery of skin lesion, lymph nodes, internal organs (spleen) – staining)
  • amastigote – small rounded in Ma cytoplasm
20
Q

Leishmania - serology:

A
  • rapid immunochromatographic test
  • ELISA
  • IFAT
21
Q

What Leishmania spp. are the causative agent of dry skin leishmaniasis?

A
  • L. tropica minor
22
Q

What Leishmania spp. are the causative agent of wet skin leishmaniasis?

A
  • L. tropica major
23
Q

Reservoir of L. tropica minor (dry) & major (wet):

A
  • Rodents, dogs
24
Q

Geographical area where we find Leishmania tropica minor (dry)

A
  • Southern europe
  • Middle east
25
Q

Geographical area where we find Leishmania tropica major (wet)

A
  • Southern europe
  • Middle east
  • Africa
25
Q

Which animals serve as reservoir of Leishmania peruvianna and which geographic area is affected?

25
Q

Leishmania peruviana & Leishmania mexicana complex cause what form of leishmaniasis?

26
Q

Mucocutaneous form of leishmaniasis is caused by which Leishmania species?

A
  • L. brasiliensis complex
27
Q

Which animals serves as reservoir, and what geographic region is affected by Leishmania mexicana complex?

A
  • Rodents
  • Central America
28
Q

Which animals serves as reservoir, and what geographic region is affected by Leishmania brasiliensis complex?

A
  • Rodents
  • Mexico, Brazil

MUCOCUTANEOUS FORM

29
Q

Phlebotomus spp. is the vector of:

A
  • Leishmania tropica minor (dry)
  • Leishmania tropica major (wet)
  • –
  • Leishmania donovani (visceral)
  • Leishmania donovani infantum (visceral)
  • Leishmania chagasi (visceral)

(dry & wet) SKIN FORM, VISCERAL FORM

30
Q

What are the sandflies (name)?

A
  • Phlebotomus spp.
  • Lutzomyia spp.

SANDFLIES

31
Q

Phlebotomus spp. and Lutzomyia spp. are both:

A
  • sandflies
  • vectors of Leishmania
32
Q

Lutzomyia spp. are vectors of:

A
  • Leishmania peruvianna
  • Leishmania mexicana complex
  • Leishmania brasiliensis complex – (mucocutaneous)

SKIN FORM + MUCOCUTANEOUS FROM

33
Q

Reservoir for Leishmania donovani

VISCERAL FORM

34
Q

Reservoir for Leishmania donovani infantum

VISCERAL FORM

35
Q

Reservoir for Leishmania chagasi

VISCERAL FORM

36
Q

What is the geographical affected area of Leishmania donovani?

A
  • Africa
  • Asia
  • Middle East
  • South America
37
Q

What is the geographical affected area of Leishmania donovani infantum?

A
  • Mediterranean area
38
Q

What is the geographical affected area of Leishmania Chagasi?

A
  • South America
39
Q

Which Leishmania spp. are the causative agent of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis?

A
  • L. brasiliensis complex

Parasitology (23 decks)

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